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ECOWAS Court Gives Judgment on Press Council Inconsistency with Human Rights Law
ECOWAS Court Gives Judgment on Press Council Inconsistency with Human Rights Law
By: Michael Mike
The ECOWAS Court of Justice has delivered its judgment in a case brought by two Nigerian journalists alleging the Nigerian Press Council Act of 1992 was discriminatory and violated their right to freedom of expression.
In its judgment delivered by Hon Justice Dupe Atoki, Judge Rapporteur, the Court declared that Sections 19 (1)(a), 27 and 37 of the Nigerian Press Council (NPC) Act failed to recognize public interest media including rights of online and citizen journalists thereby violating Article 9 (1) of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR), and Article 8 (1) and 10 (2) of the Declaration of Principles on Freedom of Expression in Africa.
The Court therefore ordered the government of Nigeria to amend these contested Sections to align with international practices that promote free, pluralistic and professional journalism. It however dismissed other claims which were not substantiated.
The case with suit number ECW/CCJ/APP/31/21 was filed on 14 June 2021 by lawyers representing the Applicants – Mr Isaac Olamikan and Mrs Edoghogho Ugberease – online and citizen journalists who practise journalism for the promotion of freedom of expression, opinion, and access to information.
In the application, they claimed that Sections 19(1)a, 27 and 37 of the Nigeria Press Council Act of 1992 requiring journalists to be at least 18 years and accredited by the NPC, 25 years to be an editor with working experience in reputable media organization or news agency and registered with the Nigeria Union of Journalists, discriminated against them.
The Applicants’ lawyers led by Mr President Aigbokhan argued that these Sections failed to recognise public interest media such as the rights of online and citizen journalists and were therefore discriminatory and violated their right to freedom of expression as guaranteed under Articles 2 and 9(1) of the ACHPR, Article 19 of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR), Articles 2, 10 and 19 of the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and Article 8 (1) and 10 (2) of the Declaration of Principles on Freedom of Expression in Africa; and breached the State’s obligation under the ECOWAS Treaty among other cited texts.
“For example, Section 37 of the Press Council Act, puts the minimum age to practice journalism as 18 years of age, while to be qualified as an editor, requires a minimum of 25 years of age. Sections 19(a) and 27 of the Act imposes educational qualifications and compulsory courses of attendance and training before a person can be recognized and allowed to practice as a journalist,” the judgment stated.
They also submitted that they were arrested separately at different locations while investigating and gathering information for their work, and that their arrest and detention were unlawful and violated their rights.
The Applicants asked the Court to order the Respondent to amend the contested Sections of the NPC Act to align with international practice and pay 1,000,000 (one million) USD as damages.
On their part, the Respondent’s lawyers Mrs Maimuna Lami Shiru and Mrs B.J. Oladipo told the Court that ‘journalism is a sensitive profession requiring mastery as well as regulation to prevent negative effect, adding that rights to information and freedom of expression are not absolute.’
The Respondent denied arresting and detaining the Applicants unlawfully, stating that the first Applicant was arrested because his action had national security implications while the second Applicant operated illegally.
They added that, in the same way as other professional bodies, there were criteria for registration and membership as journalists, and urged the Court to dismiss the case describing it as frivolous, baseless and an abuse of court process.
In its analysis, the Court determined if the matter was within its mandate, if it was admissible and if the Sections of the NPC Act were discriminatory and violated the right to freedom of expression of the Applicants. Relying on its rules of procedure and jurisprudence, the Court held the matter was within its jurisdiction and the case was admissible.
On the alleged violation of Article 2 of ACHPR the Court noted that the Applicants did not substantiate on how they were treated differently in an identical or similar situation. Consequently, it held that their rights to freedom from discrimination under Article 2 of ACHPR has not been violated.
While on the alleged violation of Article 9 (freedom of expression), the Court noted that Section 19(1) and Section 27 of the Press Act imposing minimum educational requirement, age limit and registration, were restrictive and interfered with the right to freedom of expression, and therefore violated Article 9 (2).
In reaching its decision, the Court also noted the impact of technology in the evolving media space with the advent of citizen journalists, influencers and content creators who share news, commentary, and analysis on social issues. Though not qualified in traditional sense, they contributed to shaping public opinion.
It drew inspiration from young activists notably Malala Yousafzai and Greta Thunberg who in their teens integrated online media in their advocacy and have attained world recognition through a free and unrestricted opportunity to gather information and express opinion.
Regarding the Applicants’ claim of unlawful arrest and detention, the Court noted that the Applicants did not prove their arrest was unlawful. Consequently, the Court dismissed their claims of unlawful arrest and request for compensation.
Both parties were ordered to bear their costs of litigation.
Also on the bench were Hon Justices Edward Amoako Asante (presiding) and Sengu M. Koroma (Member).
ECOWAS Court Gives Judgment on Press Council Inconsistency with Human Rights Law
News
Benue at a Tipping Point as IPCR, SPRiNG Deploy 45-Minute Conflict Response System
Benue at a Tipping Point as IPCR, SPRiNG Deploy 45-Minute Conflict Response System
By: Michael Mike
As Benue State grapples with recurring farmer-herder clashes and climate-driven tensions, the Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution (IPCR) has moved to tighten Nigeria’s conflict prevention net, unveiling a strengthened early warning and rapid response framework designed to stop violence before it erupts.
Partnering with the SPRiNG Project, IPCR is pushing forward the National Conflict Early Warning and Early Response System (NCEWERS), an upgraded platform that processes verified conflict alerts within 45 minutes — a bold shift from reactive security deployments to proactive peacebuilding.
The initiative, backed by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and implemented by Tetra Tech, is being positioned as a decisive intervention in Benue, widely known as Nigeria’s “Food Basket of the Nation,” but increasingly scarred by deadly land disputes, herder-farmer confrontations, and climate pressures that threaten livelihoods and food security.
During an advocacy visit to the state, IPCR officials acknowledged that warning signs of violence in Benue have rarely been absent. The real breakdown, they argued, has been in coordination and speed of response.
“Early warning without early response is ineffective,” the Institute emphasised, noting that NCEWERS integrates real-time data gathering, geospatial mapping, and climate-risk indicators into a single digital architecture. Reports move through a structured chain — from the Conflict Anticipation Section to Early Warning Response Groups and Community-Based Reconciliation Committees — enabling authorities and local actors to intervene before tensions escalate.
The system builds on earlier peace structures previously supported by USAID, which benefited more than 10,000 community members across four states. However, IPCR says the new platform represents a significant leap forward in both technology and institutional coordination.
Beyond digital tools, the Institute is focusing heavily on rebuilding trust at the grassroots. Officials stress that community participation — especially from women, youth, and marginalised groups — is essential if early warning signals are to translate into preventive action.
The advocacy mission in Benue is also aimed at countering misinformation, which has frequently fueled retaliatory violence. IPCR is promoting toll-free lines and SMS channels to encourage prompt reporting while expanding media engagement to ensure accurate and responsible conflict reporting.
Calling for deeper state-level ownership, the Institute urged the Benue State Government, security agencies, traditional rulers, religious leaders, and civil society organisations to treat NCEWERS not as a distant federal project but as Benue’s own conflict prevention infrastructure.
With climate variability intensifying competition over land and water, and food security hanging in the balance, observers say the success of the early warning system in Benue could serve as a national template.
Benue at a Tipping Point as IPCR, SPRiNG Deploy 45-Minute Conflict Response System
News
EOD team neutralises IED on Dansadau road in Zamfara
EOD team neutralises IED on Dansadau road in Zamfara
By: Zagazola Makama
An Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) team has successfully neutralised an Improvised Explosive Device (IED) discovered along the Dansadau road in Zamfara, restoring safe passage for motorists.
Sources told Zagazola on Monday that the device was discovered at about 9:30 a.m. on March 1 along the busy Dansadau axis.
The IED was suspected to have been planted by armed bandits operating in the area.
According to the source, following the discovery, the EOD team stationed in the axis swiftly mobilised to the scene and carried out a controlled operation to render the device inert using specialised equipment and techniques.
“The team responded promptly and conducted a safe removal procedure. The explosive device was successfully neutralised without any casualty.
“After thorough checks and clearance of the surrounding area, the road was declared safe for vehicular movement,” the source said.
Dansadau road has in recent times been a flashpoint for banditry-related activities, prompting sustained security operations to secure communities and critical routes.
Authorities have assured residents of continued surveillance and proactive measures to prevent further threats and ensure the safety of commuters and adjoining communities.
EOD team neutralises IED on Dansadau road in Zamfara
News
Peaceful demonstrations recorded in three Northern States after reports on Iran Leader’s Killing
Peaceful demonstrations recorded in three Northern States after reports on Iran Leader’s Killing
By: Zagazola Makama
Peaceful demonstrations were recorded in three northern states on Saturday as members of the Islamic Movement of Nigeria (IMN) and other Shi’ite groups staged processions in reaction to recent developments in Iran.
Zagazola report that the marches took place in Kano, Kaduna and Katsina states, with no incidents of violence recorded.
In Kano State, participants converged at Fagge Friday Mosque in Fagge Local Government Area at about 3:00 p.m. and proceeded in a procession to Mambayyah House in Dala LGA.
Demonstrators carried placards expressing solidarity with Iran and condemning actions by the United States and Israel in the ongoing Middle East crisis.
Joint security presence was visible along the route to ensure traffic control and prevent a breakdown of law and order. The procession ended at about 5:00 p.m., with participants dispersing peacefully.
Similarly, in Kaduna State, Shi’ite members marched from Ahmadu Bello Way to Leventis Roundabout at about 11:30 a.m., before disengaging at Tudun Wada Junction around 2:00 p.m.
The protest was described as orderly, with security personnel deployed at strategic points to monitor activities and safeguard public spaces.
In Katsina State, members of the Islamic Shi’ite sect staged a brief procession from IBB Way near Green House to the Central Mosque, Katsina, at about 4:00 p.m. The activity was peaceful and closely monitored by intelligence and security teams.
Across the three states, authorities confirmed that no violence, vandalism or confrontation was reported, and normalcy returned shortly after the demonstrations ended.
Sources noted that while the protests remained calm, developments in the Middle East have triggered emotional reactions in several countries, sometimes resulting in attacks on diplomatic missions and other symbolic assets.
Sources further advised heightened vigilance around critical national infrastructure and diplomatic facilities, particularly embassies and foreign missions, to guard against potential spillover or opportunistic threats.
They stressed the need for proactive intelligence gathering, visible patrols and community engagement to ensure that lawful expressions of solidarity do not degenerate into security breaches.
So far, the peaceful conduct of the demonstrations in northern Nigeria has been viewed as a positive sign, reflecting effective monitoring and restraint by both organisers and security agencies.
Monitoring of the situation continues.
Peaceful demonstrations recorded in three Northern States after reports on Iran Leader’s Killing
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