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Protest: NHRC Asks Security Agencies to Provide Adequate Protection for Protesters

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By: Michael Mike

The National Human Right Commission has urged security agencies to provide adequate protection for individuals exercising their right to protest.

The advised was given on Monday in Abuja, following Twarnings by the government and security agencies against the planned protest against hardship by Civil Society Organisations.

Speaking at a press conference, the Executive Secretary of NHRC, Dr. Tony Ojukwu, also urged the Federal government to provide adequate security for the journalists that would be covering the protest.

Ojukwu asked the Federal Government to put in place a mechanism to hold security agencies accountable for any abuses committed during protests and warmed against any form of barriers during the protest.

He advised protesters to carry out their protest within the ambit of the law.

He said: “We call on the federal and state government to ensure that the October protests are peaceful and that the protesters are given the necessary support and leverage to conduct themselves in civilized manner, including protecting them from counter-protesters and mobs.”
He also added that both federal and state government and their institutions are obliged to facilitate peaceful assemblies.

“This includes ensuring safety, providing necessary infrastructure, and taking measures to prevent disruptions from counter-demonstrators or hostile forces.
“Government should provide adequate protection for protesters against violence or intimidation as well as facilitate peaceful assemblies through appropriate measures.

“Government must put in place effective Accountability Mechanisms for holding the law enforcement and security agencies accountable for any abuses committed during protests. This includes investigating incidents where excessive force was used or where protesters were unlawfully detained.

“Government must deploy its apparatus for the protection of private and public properties as well as the lives of protesters and non-protesters before, during and after the protests.”

He insisted that the right to peaceful assembly is a fundamental human right recognized internationally, regionally, and at national level.

He noted that “In Nigeria, this right is enshrined in Section 40 of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria as amended and further strengthened by international and regional human rights instruments. Section 40 provides that: “Every person shall be entitled to assemble freely and associate with other persons, and in particular, he may form or belong to any political party, trade union or any other association for the protection of his interests.

“Furthermore, article 11 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) provides that “Every individual shall have the right to assemble freely with others.

“The right to peaceful assembly is the cornerstone stone of our liberty and an essential instrument for promoting the values of democracy and good governance. Protests are legitimate means of voicing dissatisfactions and participating in shaping citizen-centred governance and development outcomes.”

He stressed that the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the Human Rights Council have put in place a set of principles which should guide the promotion and protection of the right to peaceful assembly.

The principles he said include: “Non-discrimination: All individuals should be able to exercise their rights to peaceful assembly without discrimination based on race, gender, political affiliation, or any other status.

“Legitimate Restrictions: While freedom of association and assembly is fundamental, it can be subject to restrictions. However, such restrictions must be lawful, necessary in a democratic society, and proportionate to the aim pursued. This means that any limitations imposed by Nigerian authorities must not infringe upon the essence of these rights.

“Protection from Violence: The state has an obligation to protect individuals exercising their rights from violence or intimidation by third parties. This includes ensuring that protests can occur without fear of repression, prosecution or violent backlash.

“Notification Requirements: Requirements for pre-notification of law enforcement should not serve as barriers but rather facilitate peaceful protests. Notification requirement should not be burdensome and not hinder the exercise of this right.

“Use of Force: Any use of force by law enforcement during protests must adhere strictly to principles of necessity and proportionality. Excessive use of force against protesters, including shooting or the deployment of tear gas is a violation of human rights and dignity.”

He said: “Exercise your right to peaceful protest within the ambits of the law, be very civil and respect the rights of others.
“Avoid violence, destruction of property, and harmful behaviour, this is detrimental to nation building, the destruction caused may take fortune to regain which will be a great set back to our development.

“Cooperate with law enforcement agencies to ensure public safety by conducting yourselves with highest sense of modesty and civility.

“Refrain from hate speech and divisive rhetoric, abusive words and foul language.
“Respect the rights of others, including those who may hold differing opinions, that is the beauty of democracy.

“Ensure that your actions do not infringe on the rights of non-protesters, as everybody must not be on the street protesting.

He promised that the NHRC will be monitoring the protests across Nigeria and will ensure that state and non-state actors violating the right to protests and other associated human rights will be held accountable.

For the security operatives, Ojukwu urged them to “Respect the rights of protesters to peaceful assembly and expression as enshrined in the 1999 Constitution and other Regional and International Instruments that Nigeria is a Party to.

“Avoid excessive force and ensure proportionate response to situations, do no harm and do not force the protesters to react in a manner that is riotious.
“Protect journalists and media personnel from harassment, allow them to carry out their duties as the fourth arm of the government and as enshrined in the constitution.

“Facilitate dialogue between protesters and relevant stakeholders, this will rather assist you in discharging your role seamlessly, do not look at them as your enemies.
“Ensure that arrests and detentions are carried out in accordance with the law and not because you merely want to deal with people.

“Provide necessary assistance and support to vulnerable individuals, do not overlook any opportunity to render help.”

Protest: NHRC Asks Security Agencies to Provide Adequate Protection for Protesters

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Troops arrest three suspected terrorists in Adamawa, foil alleged attack plan on Mubi barracks

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Troops arrest three suspected terrorists in Adamawa, foil alleged attack plan on Mubi barracks

By: Zagazola Makama

Troops of 232 Battalion (Tactical), in collaboration with professional hunters, have arrested three suspected terrorists during a cordon-and-search operation in Mubi North Local Government Area of Adamawa State.

A military source told Zagazola Makama that the operation was conducted at about 1:15 a.m. on April 1 in Angwan Rami general area based on credible human intelligence on terrorist activities.

The source said the troops apprehended three suspects identified as Ado John, 27; Umaru Yunusa, 22; and Alhaji Saleh Mamman Ibrahim, 44.

He added that preliminary investigation confirmed the suspects to be members of terrorist elements operating in the area.

According to him, one of the suspects, Alhaji Saleh Mamman Ibrahim, who was previously documented as a repentant terrorist, allegedly confessed to participating in the attack on Ngoshe in Borno State.

The source further disclosed that the suspect also admitted to acting as a double agent and allegedly planning an attack on Mubi barracks with the intention of carting away weapons.

He said the suspects are currently in the custody of 232 Battalion for further investigation and intelligence exploitation.

He reaffirmed the commitment of security forces to sustain ongoing operations aimed at denying terrorists freedom of action in the North-East.

Troops arrest three suspected terrorists in Adamawa, foil alleged attack plan on Mubi barracks

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China, Pakistan Unveil Five-Point Initiative to Restore Peace in Gulf, Middle East

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China, Pakistan Unveil Five-Point Initiative to Restore Peace in Gulf, Middle East

By: Michael Mike

China and Pakistan have jointly proposed a five-point initiative aimed at de-escalating tensions and restoring stability in the Gulf and broader Middle East region.

The proposal was unveiled following a high-level meeting in Beijing between Wang Yi, a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and China’s Foreign Minister, and Mohammad Ishaq Dar, Pakistan’s Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister.

Both sides reviewed the deteriorating security situation in the region and stressed the urgent need for coordinated international action to prevent further escalation.

At the core of the initiative are five key measures:

First, China and Pakistan called for an immediate cessation of hostilities, urging all parties to halt ongoing conflicts and prevent further escalation, while ensuring unhindered humanitarian access to affected populations.

Second, both countries advocated for the urgent commencement of peace talks, emphasizing that dialogue and diplomacy remain the only viable solutions. They reaffirmed the need to respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of nations in the region, including Iran, and urged all sides to refrain from the use or threat of force during negotiations.

Third, the initiative stresses the protection of civilians and non-military targets, calling for strict adherence to international humanitarian law and an immediate halt to attacks on civilian populations and critical infrastructure such as energy facilities and nuclear installations.

Fourth, China and Pakistan underscored the security of vital shipping lanes, particularly the Strait of Hormuz, urging all parties to ensure the safety of vessels and crews and to restore normal maritime operations as quickly as possible.

Fifth, the two nations emphasized the primacy of the United Nations Charter, calling for strengthened multilateral cooperation and support for a comprehensive peace framework rooted in international law.

The joint proposal signals a renewed diplomatic push by Beijing and Islamabad to play a more active role in stabilizing one of the world’s most volatile regions amid rising geopolitical tensions.

China, Pakistan Unveil Five-Point Initiative to Restore Peace in Gulf, Middle East

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Plateau crisis escalates as curfew, reprisals and rhetoric intensify tensions

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Plateau crisis escalates as curfew, reprisals and rhetoric intensify tensions

By: Zagazola Makama

The evolving security situation in Plateau State is increasingly reflecting a complex interplay of armed violence, civil unrest, and inflammatory narratives, as the Armed Forces of Nigeria intensify efforts to contain tensions and escalation following recent deadly incidents in Jos North and surrounding areas.

The imposition of a 48-hour curfew by the Plateau State Government after a deadly attack at Angwan Rukuba Junction marked a critical turning point but failed after its elapsed, with the youths going on rampage and launching attacks on immediate communities.

Security reports indicate that at about 7:30 a.m. on March 29, gunmen carried out a guerrilla-style attack along the Jos–Bauchi highway, opening fire on commuters and residents, killing several persons including Christians and Muslims and injuring others before fleeing the scene.

The aftermath of the attack quickly spiralled into reprisal violence, with some residents reportedly targeting passersby, leading to the killing of two persons and burning their corpses. The same night, additional casualties were recorded as many other corpses were evacuated to the hospitals, further heightening ethnic and religious tensions in the town.

Consequently, the relaxation of the curfew made the matter even worse. Subsequent incidents, including unrest at Gada Biu and the killing of a civilian near the University of Jos main gate, further added to the volatility of the situation, even as troops under Operation Enduring Peace (OPEP) moved swiftly to restore calm.

The situation was further complicated by retaliatory actions reportedly carried out by local youths, including the use of machetes in targeted attacks, marking a dangerous shift from an initial armed assault to mob violence.

In Jos North, between Duala Junction and Anguwan Rukuba Junction, there was mass shooting targeting non-indigenous people, particularly Muslims, by hunters using Dane guns. Seven people were shot and are currently receiving treatment at La Tahzan Hospital in Filin Ball. One of the victims, simply identified as Alkasim, died. Violence was recorded in several other areas.

However, beyond the kinetic response, emerging patterns suggest that the crisis is being increasingly shaped by narratives capable of inflaming passions and distorting the nature of the conflict.

What initially appeared to be an armed attack with unclear attribution has, in the public space, been rapidly reframed along ethno-religious lines, a development that could have far-reaching consequences. Preliminary field analysis suggests that the modus operandi of the attackers— involving mobility, use of firearms, and indiscriminate targeting— differs from typical patterns associated with farmer-herder clashes.

There are indicators that the attack was designed to trigger wider communal unrest that could spread beyond Plateau State into neighbouring states like Bauchi, Nasarawa, Kano, Kaduna and other northern states.

The pattern does not clearly align with previous herder-related incidents. Also, Rukuba community is situated in the middle of the town, making it nearly impossible for any bandits or criminals to operate and easily escape. At the initial stage of the attack, residents thought it was security agencies carrying out a raid because the area is known for harbouring drug users and cartels.

Security sources insisted that their investigation revealed the nature of the ammunition used by the attackers, suggesting that the attack was carried out by terrorists.

Such transitions from isolated attacks to communal reprisals have historically contributed to cycles of violence in Plateau, making early containment and narrative control critical.

In this context, the role of inflammatory rhetoric has come under increasing scrutiny. The latest viral video by popular social media personality, Martins Vincent Otse, widely known as VeryDarkMan, has drawn criticism for statements perceived as inciting violence during the crisis.

In the video, he was heard urging residents to adopt a confrontational posture, stating:
“Anybody you see that is not from here, anybody that looks suspicious, before they get you down, get them down!” He further said: “If you keep quiet and wait for the government… it won’t be the first time… when does this stop?”

In another part of the video, he added:
“No be only Boko Haram sabi kill, no be only bandit sabi kill… all of us fit kill.” He also called on residents: “To the people of Rukuba, enough is enough… anybody wey you see wey cross your part, kill am.”

Indeed, reports indicate that within hours of the circulation of such messages, incidents of targeted violence and unrest were recorded in parts of Jos.

Beyond individual actors, broader concerns have also been raised about the proliferation of subversive narratives capable of deepening divisions. Rev. Ezekiel Dachomo has previously called on Plateau youths to go and prepare and go to “war”.

Rev. Dachomo was also heard declaring that residents would no longer “run away,” adding that if there was to be a “full-blown war,” they were prepared to defend themselves.
“We are not going to run away, if there will be full-blown war it will start from today to the day that God has placed for us. Let them continue to gather, we have chosen to die rather than remain burying our brothers.

“My fellow brothers and sisters, I am rounding up this message so that we can go back and stay and go for war. Since the Fulani said we will not rest in Plateau, they are not afraid of the security; from today we will not be afraid of the security.”

The Berom youths leader in Barkin Ladi had previously vowed that they can no longer guarantee peace and unity in Plateau if Fulani continue grazing on their land.

Many believe that rhetoric like this acts as a trigger in already fragile contexts, as it lowers the threshold for violence and legitimises reprisal actions against other ethnic groups that had nothing to do with the violence.

Security assessments highlight the growing use of social media by various actors to promote competing narratives, including claims of religious persecution, often without full context of the complexities on the ground. Experts caution that such narratives risk oversimplifying conflicts, obscuring the role of criminal elements, and fuelling mutual suspicion among communities. The danger is that once a conflict is framed purely along religious lines, it becomes harder to de-escalate.

Amid these challenges, security forces have continued to record operational successes aimed at restoring stability. The recovery of 30 rustled cattle in Barkin Ladi and Riyom Local Government Areas is seen as part of broader efforts to address rural criminality that often intersects with communal tensions.

Troops also maintained presence across key areas, conducted patrols, and responded to distress calls, actions that have contributed to preventing further deterioration of the situation.

Nevertheless, while military, police and other security operations remain essential, they must be complemented by strategic communication, community engagement, and accountability mechanisms.

There is a need to clamp down on crisis entrepreneurs and those fanning the embers of war; failure can undermine overall stability.

As Plateau navigates this delicate phase, the convergence of armed violence, civil unrest, and information warfare presents a multidimensional challenge requiring coordinated responses at all levels.

For now, the restoration of relative calm offers a window of opportunity. But without addressing the drivers of misinformation, inflammatory rhetoric, and underlying grievances, the risk of recurrence remains high.

Plateau crisis escalates as curfew, reprisals and rhetoric intensify tensions

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