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One year on: Tinubu defeating terrorism, building hopes of secure Nigeria
One year on: Tinubu defeating terrorism, building hopes of secure Nigeria
By Zagazola Makama
It is platitudinous to say that various forms of insecurity have devastated the country in all sectors heating up the polity with the most frustrating intractability since the last three decades.
The epochal menace has ravaged the Nigerian economy to a point in worsening the management scale of sustaining the country’s immense human and natural resources. This also has affected Nigeria’s leading -economy position in Africa, and its status as a country of enviable reckoning in global affairs.
Insecurity has no doubt on the verge of eroding the country’s cherished socio-political norms and values which had painstakingly created an enviable collective identity for its diverse peoples, empowering them to walk with shoulders held high across the globe as Nigerians.
The Boko Haram insurgency and, in recent years, Islamic State of the West African Province(ISWAP) terror campaigns in the North-East; the twin crimes of banditry and kidnapping in the North-West, as well as the North-Central, and sections of the South-West, South-East and South-South; farmer-herder clashes; and various other forms of gunmen menace, have continued to create a seemingly intractable criminalities threatening to the Country’s existence as a nation.
The country has, for the past two decades, been languishing and gasping for breath under this massive weight of a global-scale security crisis. This apparently appalling situation has underscored the robust provision of security as the topmost cardinal objective of every administration in the current decades of Nigeria’s democratic governance.
On assumption of duty on May 29, 2023, as the elected leader and Commander-In-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, in line with his electioneering campaign mantra: ‘Renewed Hope’, promised to prioritize security as the bedrock of the country’s development.
This is evident with his promise to adopt a new doctrine, strategies and suitable profound arrangement of well-knit architecture to combat insecurity, thereby renewing the hope of Nigerians.
President Tinubu, as the first and foremost decisive step at combating insecurity, rejigged the country’s security architecture with new service chiefs and the desired gusto, whom he gave the matching order to immediately assume the work of re-strategizing and fine-tuning strategies to combat the country’s recalcitrant insecurity.
This move has applausively prevented the insecurity situation from intricately imploding into larger security challenges.
To reconcile this in line with the C-in-C objectives for a stable and prosperous Nigeria, the appointment of General Christopher Musa, as the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), Lt.-Gen. Taoreed Lagbaja as the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), ever-readily profoundly assisted by other service chiefs and the Inspector-General of Police, in compliance with President Tinubu’s directive for robust synergy among top security and intelligence services in the fight against insecurity, the terror war in the Lake Chad Basin and the expansive North-East region has recorded an undisputed phenomenal achievements.
Notably; the military under the Tinubu led-administration has experienced significant enhancement in its operational capabilities, marking a notable period in its efforts to maintain national security and peace.
In the last one year, the administration has procured an additional five aircraft for the Nigerian Air Force (NAF), which include 2 Diamond 62 surveillance aircraft; 2 T-129 ATAK helicopters, and a number King Air 360 ER, with plans to integrate 46 more by the end of 2024. These strategic acquisitions have bolstered the military’s capacity to conduct precise and impactful operations against various security threats across the country.
The rapid degradation of terror in the North-East is a gladdening testament to the fact that President Tinubu is keeping his promise of a ‘Renewed Hope’ to Nigerians in character, credibility and commitment to genuinely overturn the country’s insecurity to a stable and peaceful Nigeria.
This feat has been immensely achieved with the sheer commitment and competence of the Chief of Army Staff, Lt.-Gen. Taoreed Lagbaja, savoring sufficient support and impetus from his sister services, especially the Nigerian Air Force under the Joint Task Force North-East Operation Hadin Kai, Theater Command of the Nigerian Army; and the sheer patriotism, commitment and determination of the frontline troops.
To mention a few is the imposing catalog of accomplishments in the North-East terror war portrays an elating success story of the preceding one year.
The observable and most -spectacular moment of achievements include the neutralization of 555 terrorists; destruction of 461 terrorists’ enclaves across the theartre. They include; Gaizuwa, otherwise known as Mantari, Gabchari, Kashimiri, and Maimusari, Ukuba, Arra, Farisu, Sabil Huda, in Sambisa Forest, Lake Chad region, Yuwe and the Mandara Mountains;Markas Kauwa, Chiralia, Abirma, Buk 1, 2 and 3, Abulam, Dusula, and Abbagajiri in Timbuktu Triangle among others as well as the and the recovery of arms, armored vehicles and catch of equipment as well as the destruction of large quantity of other belongings to the terrorists in Sambisa Forest and Timbuktu Triangle.
Through a robust synergy with the Air Component of Operation Hadin Kai in the troubled North-East, NAF has also been instrumental in depleting terrorist ranks and disrupting their operations.
Notable strikes include the elimination of key terrorists in the Mandara Mountains and the neutralization of multiple insurgents in the Timbuktu Triangle, Sambisa Forest, Krenowa, and Kafiya Fulatari, Kwaleram, Kirta, Wulgo, Bukar Mairam and the Tumbums among others. These actions have significantly weakened terrorist capabilities, contributing to the restoration of peace in the region.
Most gladdening of all is perhaps, the military’s aggressive kinetic and non-kinetic operations led to the surrender of more than 160,000 Boko Haram and ISWAP terrorists and their families to the troops of Operation Hadin Kai, out of which 42,189 have been handed over to Borno State Government; as well as the rescue of about 81 abducted Chibok girls.
The military, by sufficiently clearing terrorists enclaves across the region, has also, over the last one year, been able to create the enabling environment for the restoration of civil administration as well as relocation/resettlement of over 2 million IDPs to their ancestral homes; as well as guaranteed sufficient security in MMC, Mafa, Gubio, Konduga, Bama, Banki, Monguno, Dikwa, Gamborun Ngala, Kukawa, Gwoza and other LGAs, for farming and other socio-economic activities.
The military guarantees the restoration of law and order in several returnee communities; conducted kinetic and non-kinetic operations against terrorists which have strangulated the logistics supplies as well as halted recruitment, sympathizers and collaborators activities, leading to the surrender of several terrorist top Commanders and secured the rescue of victims in terrorists preoccupied areas.
Also, the 7 Div of the Nigerian Army which has covered the most areas prone to terrorist attacks suffered a large percentage of terrorist campaigns. “The division’s AOR (Area Of Responsibility) is relatively calm but unpredictable due to activities of some remnant of these so-called BHT/ISWAP insurgents who scamper for safe havens in the general area of Sambisa Forest, Gezuwa, Gargash and Mandara Mountains, by taking advantage of the geography of these areas to evade troops’ operational activities,” as observed by Brig.-Gen Abubakar Haruna, the General Officer Commanding 7 Division and Commander Sector 1 of the Nigeria Army.
He was, until his recent elevation to the rank of the General Officer Commanding the 7 Division, the Garrison Commander 7 Division of the army.
“Nevertheless, normal activities have resumed in most towns and villages that are located within the Sector’s AOR due to troops engagement in aggressive patrols and clearance operations,” he stated, adding, delightedly, “To further consolidate the successes, the Borno Government has been returning the locals who were displaced due to the insurgency back to their ancestral homes.” Gen Haruna shed more light on the restoration of peace and security across the region. “Restoration of peace, security and the attainment of sustainable socio-economic activities in the North-East is the overall objective of Operation Hadin Kai,” he stated, explaining, “The attainment of the military objective which is primarily the obliteration of the terrorists in the region requires the restoration of socio-economic activities.”
The GOC said that: “It is in line with this that the Division has been working tirelessly under the mentorship and the Supervision of the Theartre Commander North East Operation Hadin Kai Joint Task Force, Maj.-Gen. Waidi Shuaibu to ensure that the local communities within our Area of responsibility go about their legitimate daily activities through sustained operational activities like patrols, escort duties, ambushes and other offensive operations to deny the terrorists freedom of action and ensure the safety of the people.”
General Shuaibu, Theater, Commander Joint Task Force North East Operation Hadin Kai acknowledged the unquantifiable and invaluable contributions of the COAS, Lt.-Gen. Taoreed Lagbaja to the Theater Command that enabled it to achieve its enviable successes in the last one year.
As stated, “First of all, you need to understand that it is the COAS who gives the direction, guidance, leadership and all the human and material resources required for us to carry out our mandate,” he acknowledged, maintaining, “So, what the COAS provides is more than ‘help’.” He emphasised that the COAS “provides excellent leadership to us and hence the successes recorded so far,” advising, “Please take a close look at his Command Philosophy which is ‘To Transform the NA into a Well-Trained, Equipped and Highly Motivated Force towards Achieving our Constitutional Responsibilities within a Joint Environment’.”
The TC maintained further: “There is a strong nexus between the Command Philosophy and what we are doing here,” saying, “Without troops that are well-trained, equipped and motivated, we cannot achieve our mandate here which is part of our constitutional responsibility.”
“We have achieved tremendous successes in our various operations within the Theater under Operation Desert Sanity III undertaken by 7 Division, Sector 2 as well as Sector 3 MNJTF. Similar operations were also undertaken in the Tumbums by the troops of the MNJTF forces, with gladdening feedback.
Gen Shuaibu reviewed the effect of the insurgency in Borno State and praised the state government for supporting the Theater Command to achieve its mandate. “One of the priorities in addressing insecurity is the restoration of civilian administration and services to conflict-affected communities,” he stated, recalling, “The years of insurgency have devastated the social infrastructures and services in the North-East region including health, education and policing among others.” He also observed: “The dysfunctional state of such services made the communities more vulnerable to extremist recruitment and other vices”.
He further praised Governor Babagana Umara Zulum: “The Governor has made distinct efforts to address these immense challenges and foster greater citizens’ trust in government by rebuilding police stations and creating a conducive environment to bring back civil servants (including judges, healthcare givers and security agencies).
The TC praised the governor for tackling pervasive sense of insecurity through the provision of low-cost housing; road construction and other infrastructural development in rural areas; provision of agricultural supports like seeds and fertilizer at subsidized rate to enable the locals return to their farms; provision of affordable transport system like the electric taxis; as well as maintaining the periodic provision of palliatives to affected communities.
Gen Shuaibu remarked: “The general public is beginning to understand and appreciate the efforts of the Nigerian Army in restoring peace and security in the North-East region and to the country as a whole.” The TC assured: “We will continue to sustain the feat achieved by intensifying our efforts in the clearance of remnants of terrorists from their camps and enclaves so that durable peace would be restored finally in the North-East region.
The onus for maintaining peace and security lies with everyone.” He called on the general public to remain vigilant and cooperate with the military and other security agencies in their efforts at restoring peace and security in the region.
“The public should always remember that the soldiers are out there denying themselves all comforts to ensure that the rest of the citizens sleep with their two eyes closed,” he advised.
Zagazola Makama is a Counter Insurgency Expert and Security Analyst in the Lake Chad region.
One year on: Tinubu defeating terrorism, building hopes of secure Nigeria
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NDLEA Busts International Drug Routes, Uncovers Gun Factory, Seizes Tons of Illicit Drugs
NDLEA Busts International Drug Routes, Uncovers Gun Factory, Seizes Tons of Illicit Drugs
By: Michael Mike
The National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) has uncovered an international drug trafficking network involving South Africa, Thailand and Nigeria, intercepting 25.05 kilogrammes of methamphetamine concealed in breakfast cereal packs and arresting an American professional basketball player over a separate 33.95 kilogramme cannabis shipment at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport, Lagos.
The twin airport operations, which exposed elaborate concealment methods and attempts to evade security checks, were part of a nationwide crackdown that also uncovered an illegal firearms manufacturing factory in Kaduna, intercepted 196 rounds of AK-47 ammunition and resulted in the seizure of several tonnes of illicit drugs across six states.

The operations brought together two particularly striking cases: a 56-year-old Nigerian who allegedly lived in South Africa for more than 24 years under a forged identity and an American basketball player who allegedly abandoned two bags containing drugs after arriving in Lagos from Thailand.
The NDLEA said the methamphetamine consignment was intercepted on Wednesday, November 11, when operatives arrested the Nigerian suspect, identified as Omokan Isaac Babatope, whose real name was given as Chinedu Onwude, at the arrival hall of Terminal II of the Lagos airport.
A search of his two travelling boxes uncovered 25 parcels of a white crystalline substance weighing 25.05 kilogrammes, which tested positive for methamphetamine.
The trafficker had allegedly concealed the drugs inside packs of assorted breakfast cereals and cereal-based food products in an attempt to pass through airport security without detection.
Investigations reportedly revealed that the 56-year-old, who holds Nigerian and South African passports, had adopted the identity Omokan Isaac Babatope after using forged documents to gain entry into South Africa more than two decades ago.
He allegedly confessed to maintaining the assumed identity throughout his stay in the country and told investigators that a South Africa-based man, identified as Obiora Okoye, contracted him to deliver the consignment in Nigeria for 20,000 South African rand.
In another international interception at the same airport on the same day, operatives arrested a 28-year-old American citizen, Greene Da’monte Khiree, over 33.95 kilogrammes of Loud, a potent strain of cannabis, allegedly imported from Thailand.
The suspect arrived in Lagos aboard an Emirates Airline flight from Thailand through Dubai but reportedly attempted to leave the airport without his two checked-in bags, taking only his carry-on luggage.
Operatives, who had placed him under discreet surveillance, apprehended him at the airport car park after observing his attempt to abandon the luggage.
A search of the two bags, both bearing his name tag, uncovered 32 parcels of Loud weighing 33.95 kilogrammes. A tracking device was also recovered from the luggage.
The suspect, a native of Savannah, Georgia, United States, reportedly told investigators that he had lived in Thailand since October 2025, where he played professional basketball, and had travelled to Nigeria on holiday to build networks for his basketball career.
However, a forensic examination of his mobile phone reportedly revealed information pointing to his knowledge of and involvement in the drug trafficking operation.
The airport seizures were followed by a major security discovery in Kaduna State, where NDLEA operatives uncovered a factory used for the local manufacture of firearms.
During a raid on Sabon Garin Kangin on November 9, operatives arrested a 45-year-old man, Sagiru Musa, and recovered 17 locally fabricated Dane guns, two pistols, 25 Dane gun pipes and other materials used in the production of firearms.
The discovery was accompanied by another interception along the Abuja-Kaduna Expressway, where officers on patrol at Jere arrested a 31-year-old woman, Tabara Dauda, on November 13 with 196 rounds of live AK-47 ammunition and N675,000 cash.
In another Kaduna operation, a 30-year-old man, Samson Chibuike Andebe, was arrested at Grace Land, Sabon Gari Local Government Area, with 3,840 tablets of tramadol 225mg weighing 2.5 kilogrammes.
Operatives also recovered 499.3 kilogrammes of skunk from two suspects, Celestine Chime, 34, and Chibueze Christ, 36, following a raid on their hideout in Gonin-Gora on November 14.
Lagos recorded further seizures when operatives arrested a 33-year-old man, Taiwo Adebayo Aderoju, at Ebute Metta on November 10 with 119.71 kilogrammes of cannabis sativa.
A separate operation in Ajah on November 14 led to the recovery of 78.8 kilogrammes of cannabis, 2.5 litres of skuchies, 6.8 litres of codeine syrup, 23 grammes of Rohypnol, 478 grammes of tramadol, 10.6 kilogrammes of nitrous oxide and 714 grammes of pregabalin.
The substances were recovered from a silver Toyota Sienna allegedly abandoned by a suspect who fled upon sighting NDLEA operatives.
In Ondo State, two suspects, Victor William, 42, and Akeem Azeez, 27, were arrested at Olabi village bush on November 10 after allegedly bringing out bags of cannabis for sale.
Their arrest led operatives to a storage facility where 50 bags of cannabis weighing 560 kilogrammes were recovered.
Another raid on a cannabis farm in Ipele forest on November 13 resulted in the arrest of three suspects, Godwin Benson, 30; Muhammed Awwal, 34; and James Timothy, 18, with 122 kilogrammes of the substance seized.
Delta State recorded one of the largest individual seizures during the operations when a 43-year-old woman, Esther Igba, was arrested at Alihame, Agbor, Ika South Local Government Area, on November 12 with 255.670 kilogrammes of cannabis sativa and 1.5 kilogrammes of cannabis seeds.
Earlier, on November 10, operatives arrested a 25-year-old suspected drug distributor, Aaron Thomas, popularly known as Ibori, at Oguato, Ughelli South Local Government Area, after tracking him for more than six months.
Described by the agency as a major illicit drug distributor operating a notorious bush bar, Thomas was arrested with 360 grammes of cannabis, 12.7 litres of codeine syrup, 500 grammes of tramadol 100mg, 90 grammes of tramadol 200mg, 215 grammes of swinol and 135 grammes of Molly, also known as MDMA.
In Osun State, NDLEA operatives conducting a farm destruction exercise at Owena Forest Reserve arrested two suspects, Eze Chidiebere, 23, and Nwaoge Ugochukwu, 24, with 86 kilogrammes of cannabis.
A related operation in the forest reserve led to the arrest of a 40-year-old man, Ugwu Chukwuemeka, with 28 kilogrammes of dried cannabis and 21 kilogrammes of fresh cannabis leaves.
His 0.855-hectare cannabis farm, estimated to contain 2,137.5 kilogrammes of the plant, was subsequently destroyed.
In Edo State, weeks of surveillance on illicit drug activities in Benin City culminated in a raid on Jamila Street, Ikpoba Hill, on November 10, leading to the arrest of a 39-year-old woman, Blessing Chukwudi.
Operatives recovered 22 compressed parcels of Loud weighing 14 kilogrammes, 65 grammes of Colorado and 73 grammes of methamphetamine from her.
Beyond the enforcement operations, the agency continued its War Against Drug Abuse sensitisation campaign in schools, religious institutions and communities across the country.
Schools reached during the week included Poko Community Primary School, Poka, Epe, Lagos; Community Grammar School, Eyinni, Ibadan; Iganmode Grammar School, Ota; Presco High School, Abakaliki; Federal Government Girls College, Efon Alaye; Obasanjo Modern Primary School, Jos; and Government Girls Secondary School, Sabon Garin Gaidam, Kano.
The Ondo State Command also paid an advocacy visit to the Olu of Ilu Abo, Oba Olu Falae, as part of efforts to enlist traditional institutions in the campaign against drug abuse.
Commending officers and men of the affected commands, NDLEA Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Brig. Gen. Buba Marwa (retd.), said the interception of methamphetamine hidden in breakfast cereal packs demonstrated that traffickers could not outsmart the agency through sophisticated concealment methods.
He said the discovery of the firearms factory in Kaduna further underscored the connection between illicit drug activities and violent crime, urging officers nationwide to sustain the momentum in both drug supply reduction and demand reduction.
Marwa stressed that enforcement operations must go hand in hand with public education and community engagement to tackle both the trafficking and consumption of illicit substances.
NDLEA Busts International Drug Routes, Uncovers Gun Factory, Seizes Tons of Illicit Drugs
News
Ikpeazu Presents Credentials as Nigeria’s Permanent Representative to UN Tourism
Ikpeazu Presents Credentials as Nigeria’s Permanent Representative to UN Tourism
By: Michael Mike
Nigeria’s Ambassador to Spain, Dr Okezie Victor Ikpeazu, has formally assumed duties as the country’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UN Tourism), with a mandate to attract investment, deepen international partnerships and promote Nigeria’s tourism potential.
Ikpeazu presented his Letters of Commission to the Secretary-General of UN Tourism, Shaikha Al Nowais, at the organisation’s headquarters in Madrid, Spain, at the weekend.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs disclosed this in a statement issued in Abuja by its spokesperson, Oluwafemi Adeniyi.

The presentation formally accredits Ikpeazu as Nigeria’s chief diplomatic representative to the specialised UN agency and is expected to strengthen the country’s participation in global tourism policy discussions and initiatives.
During a meeting after the ceremony, Al Nowais commended Nigeria’s active participation in the organisation’s activities and expressed her readiness to work closely with the Nigerian envoy to strengthen bilateral cooperation.
In his response, Ikpeazu conveyed the goodwill of President Bola Tinubu to the Secretary-General and highlighted Nigeria’s vast tourism and creative industry potential.
He identified the country’s cultural diversity, vibrant music industry, globally acclaimed Nollywood film industry, colourful festivals and seasonal events such as Detty December as major attractions capable of drawing international visitors.
He said Nigeria’s tourism offerings presented significant opportunities for international collaboration, investment and economic growth.
As Permanent Representative, Ikpeazu is expected to articulate Nigeria’s tourism priorities, build partnerships with other member states and promote inward investment and technical cooperation within the UN Tourism framework.
His appointment aligns with the Federal Government’s economic diversification agenda, which identifies tourism and the creative industries as important drivers of economic growth, employment generation and foreign exchange earnings.
The ministry said the accreditation also marked a renewed phase of Nigeria’s engagement with the organisation, whose leadership is currently headed by Al Nowais, the first woman to serve as Secretary-General in its 50-year history.
Nigeria has continued to participate in the organisation’s programmes, including the recent admission of the Eko Tourism Foundation as an Affiliate Member during the 126th Session of the UN Tourism Executive Council in Toledo, Spain.
The ministry said Ikpeazu’s concurrent accreditation as Permanent Representative would enable Nigeria to take advantage of Madrid’s position as the organisation’s headquarters to advance its cultural diplomacy and tourism interests.
Ikpeazu was accompanied to the presentation ceremony by Mr Kimiebi Imomotimi Ebienfa, Senior Counsellor at the Nigerian Embassy in Madrid.
Ikpeazu Presents Credentials as Nigeria’s Permanent Representative to UN Tourism
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MSF Raises Alarm Over Diphtheria Drug Shortage, Says Thousands of Nigerian Children at Risk
MSF Raises Alarm Over Diphtheria Drug Shortage, Says Thousands of Nigerian Children at Risk
By: Michael Mike
Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), otherwise known as Doctors Without Borders, has warned that shortages of life-saving diphtheria antitoxin and poor vaccination coverage are worsening Nigeria’s diphtheria outbreak, leaving thousands of children vulnerable to severe illness and death.
The international medical humanitarian organisation said the global shortage of diphtheria antitoxin (DAT), the only specific treatment capable of neutralising the toxin produced by the disease, was undermining treatment efforts, particularly in northern Nigeria where infections and deaths remain high.
It urged the Federal Government, state authorities, donors and international health partners to urgently secure available supplies of antitoxin, vaccines and other essential medicines, while ensuring their prompt clearance at ports and distribution to affected communities.
MSF Medical Coordinator in Nigeria, Dr David Kizito, raised the alarm in a statement issued on Friday, warning that dwindling stocks could leave medical teams unable to treat critically ill children.
“The global shortage of diphtheria antitoxin is becoming a matter of life and death. Our stocks are dangerously low, and we risk being unable to treat children and save lives as the outbreak continues,” Kizito said.
He regretted that children continued to develop life-threatening complications from a preventable disease because of incomplete vaccination and delays in accessing medical care.
According to MSF, diphtheria antitoxin is most effective when administered within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms, making timely availability critical to preventing complications and deaths.
The organisation said inadequate supplies had repeatedly forced its medical teams to ration treatment or manage patients without sufficient quantities of the essential drug, thereby compromising treatment outcomes.
Nigeria has been battling a major diphtheria outbreak since late 2022, with cumulative figures exceeding 41,000 suspected cases, more than 24,000 confirmed infections and over 1,260 deaths nationwide.
The outbreak has particularly affected northern states, including Bauchi, Borno, Kaduna, Katsina, Kano, Plateau, Sokoto and Zamfara, where several communities have recorded fresh increases in infections.
In 2026 alone, Nigeria had recorded 12,977 suspected cases, 10,476 confirmed infections and 406 deaths as of August 9, according to the organisation.
The figures underscore the continuing pressure on healthcare facilities, particularly in communities where routine immunisation remains inadequate and access to specialised treatment is limited.
MSF said it had treated more than 9,000 diphtheria patients through facility and community-based interventions since the beginning of its response this year, while supporting state health authorities with surveillance, infection prevention, vaccination, health promotion, referrals and medical supplies.
Its teams are currently supporting treatment and isolation facilities in Kano, Sokoto and Zamfara, with additional interventions in Bauchi, Katsina and Kebbi states.
In Kano, the organisation supported a two-round vaccination campaign in April and June in partnership with the state Ministry of Health, administering more than 835,000 vaccine doses to children.
In Sokoto, it supported two vaccination rounds between February and April, reaching 49,018 children under the age of 15.
However, the situation in Zamfara illustrates the scale of the vaccination gap confronting efforts to contain the outbreak.
Following the state’s declaration of an outbreak in September, MSF-supported facilities in Gusau recorded more than 671 admissions within one month, beginning October 6.
The organisation said most of the patients were children, while four out of every five admitted had not received diphtheria vaccination.
It further disclosed that only 25,000 of the 90,000 vaccine doses required for a reactive vaccination campaign in Zamfara had been supplied, leaving approximately three-quarters of the targeted children unreached.
MSF said it was working with government health authorities to secure additional doses and implement a large-scale vaccination campaign to close the gap.
The organisation also highlighted the human consequences of the outbreak through the experience of Shafa’atu, a mother whose three children were treated for diphtheria at an MSF-supported hospital in Sokoto.
She said her family initially knew little about the disease and became frightened when their first child developed symptoms.
“My child struggled to eat, and whenever he ate, he vomited. Diphtheria is a dangerous disease,” she said.
Beyond the immediate shortage of treatment, MSF identified weak routine immunisation as a major factor sustaining transmission, particularly in rural communities across northern Nigeria.
It called for sustained investment in routine vaccination to build community immunity and prevent recurring outbreaks, while urging pharmaceutical manufacturers and global health partners to expand diphtheria antitoxin production and establish reliable supply arrangements.
The organisation noted that although DAT is included in the World Health Organisation’s Model List of Essential Medicines, its global availability remains inconsistent because manufacturers produce limited quantities amid unpredictable demand and low financial returns.
It said many countries, including Nigeria, lacked contingency stocks and depended on donations or procurement through United Nations agencies.
Diphtheria is a potentially fatal bacterial infection transmitted mainly through respiratory droplets and contact with infected wounds. It can cause fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes and the formation of a thick membrane in the throat that can obstruct breathing.
In severe cases, the toxin can damage the heart, nerves and kidneys, with between 30 and 40 per cent of infected persons at risk of dying without appropriate treatment, according to MSF.
The organisation said its interventions in Zamfara’s Gummi, Talata Mafara, Shinkafi and Zurmi local government areas had resulted in the treatment of 1,054 patients since January 2026.
In Bauchi State, MSF said it helped reduce the diphtheria case fatality rate from 8.7 per cent to one per cent after treating at least 1,890 suspected patients between August 2025 and May 2026.
It also reported that its teams managed 86 diphtheria cases in Katsina between October 26 and November 12, comprising 70 severe and 16 non-severe cases.
During the same period, 1,315 contacts were reached through facility-based interventions and contact tracing, with 1,301 vaccinated and 1,311 given antibiotic prophylaxis.
MSF stressed that addressing the outbreak required more than emergency treatment, insisting that uninterrupted access to antitoxin, expanded vaccination coverage and sustained investment in primary healthcare were essential to protecting children and preventing further deaths.
MSF Raises Alarm Over Diphtheria Drug Shortage, Says Thousands of Nigerian Children at Risk
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