Boko Haram: Of ISWAP Gathering, Ambush, and the Killing of CO Bama in Borno

Boko Haram: Of ISWAP Gathering, Ambush, and the Killing of CO Bama in Borno

By: Dr. James Bwala

In the complex landscape of insecurity and conflict in Nigeria, the recent developments surrounding the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) in Konduga Local Government Area (LGA) of Borno State, Northeast Nigeria, raise critical concerns that warrant immediate attention and action. The incident that transpired on Friday at a village behind Kalleri—where ISWAP was reported to be gathering—exemplifies the ongoing threat posed by extremist groups in the region. 

The ambush on security forces, resulting in multiple casualties, underscored the urgent need for strategic interventions, community engagement, and policy reforms to effectively counter this menace. Therefore, it is imperative that the Nigerian government, in collaboration with local stakeholders, take decisive and comprehensive measures to address the resurgence of ISWAP and its implications for national security.

The ambush on the Konduga security forces, leading to the death of seven personnel, including the Commanding Officer (CO) from Bama, highlights a significant vulnerability within Nigeria’s security apparatus. This incident illustrates not only the tactical proficiency of ISWAP but also the possible shortcomings in intelligence, response coordination, and operational preparedness among security forces. It raises critical questions about the readiness of military units to respond to emerging threats in real time. The immediate request for reinforcements points to gaps in local capacity and the need for better communication and intelligence-sharing frameworks between different military units working across overlapping jurisdictions.

The context of this incident cannot be divorced from the broader socio-economic and political dynamics at play in northeast Nigeria. The protracted nature of the insurgency has led to widespread displacement, loss of livelihoods, and a breakdown of social cohesion. Many villagers have found themselves trapped between the forces of ISWAP and the military, facing violence from both sides. Such precarious living conditions foster an environment ripe for recruitment into extremist groups, as individuals, particularly youth, seek means of survival in a landscape devoid of economic opportunities. To effectively combat ISWAP, it is necessary to not only defeat them militarily but also address the socio-economic conditions that contribute to their appeal.

Community engagement is therefore paramount in mitigating the risk of further violence and extremism. Security forces need to prioritize building trust with local populations through outreach programs and dialogue initiatives that convey their commitment to civilian safety. Establishing an effective community-policing model could yield dividends in terms of intelligence-gathering and local cooperation. Communities often have significant insights into the movements and tactics of insurgents but may fear providing information due to a lack of trust. Creating avenues for safe reporting and collaboration can empower local residents and disrupt ISWAP’s operational networks.

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At the same time, addressing the underlying grievances that fuel discontent is crucial. Many citizens in northeastern Nigeria feel marginalized and neglected by the state, contributing to an environment where extremist ideologies can take root. A concerted approach involving improved governance, provision of basic services, and economic opportunities will be fundamental in reversing the cycle of violence. The Nigerian government must commit to long-term development strategies that emphasize education, employment, and reconciliation to foster resilient communities less susceptible to radicalization.

Additionally, there is a pressing need for reforms within the security sector itself. An assessment of the current military strategy against ISWAP reveals the necessity for developing more adaptive, intelligence-driven operational methodologies. This includes bolstering surveillance capabilities, enhancing training for troops, and fostering inter-agency cooperation among military, police, and intelligence services. Given the evolving nature of insurgent tactics, a rigid approach is inadequate; instead, a flexible and responsive force equipped with the necessary tools and skills is essential for effectiveness in counter-insurgency operations.

It is important to recognize the role of international partners in addressing the challenges posed by ISWAP. The Nigerian government should actively seek support in terms of training, surveillance technology, and logistical assistance. Collaborations with international security agencies could enhance the capacity of local forces, equipping them with the latest strategies and resources necessary for contemporary warfare. However, such partnerships should be approached with caution to ensure that they align with Nigeria’s sovereignty and intended outcomes.

In response to the ambush that occurred near Kalleri, the restriction of movement along the Konduga-Bama road serves as a temporary measure to enhance security but does not address the root causes of instability. While such measures might provide short-term safety for civilians, they often inadvertently exacerbate existing tensions and further isolate vulnerable communities. The government must work towards reestablishing normalcy and accessibility while simultaneously ensuring the safety of its citizens through enhanced security measures that do not infringe upon civil liberties or economic activities.

Ultimately, the incident in Konduga serves as a clarion call for urgent action on multiple fronts. The Nigerian government’s ability to effectively counteract the threat posed by ISWAP hinges on its commitment to comprehensively addressing the challenges of intelligence, community relations, socio-economic development, and security sector reform. By taking a holistic approach that recognizes the interconnectedness of these issues, Nigeria can work towards a more stable and secure environment.

Indeed, the ambush on the Konduga security forces is symptomatic of a broader crisis that requires immediate and concerted efforts from all stakeholders involved. Ensuring the safety and stability of the region will necessitate not only tactical military responses but also community engagement, socio-economic development, and strategic reforms within the security apparatus. As Nigeria grapples with the persistent threat of extremism, the path forward must be characterized by collaboration, innovation, and a commitment to building a more inclusive and resilient society. Failure to act decisively risks entrenching ISWAP’s influence and perpetuating violence, thus eroding civil order and jeopardizing the future of countless innocent lives caught in the crossfire.

* James Bwala, PhD, a security strategy analyst, writes from Abuja. 

Boko Haram: Of ISWAP Gathering, Ambush, and the Killing of CO Bama in Borno