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Nigerian Tax Acts 2025: Benefits Beyond The Rhetorics – Joseph Tegbe

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6 months ago

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Nigerian Tax Acts 2025: Benefits Beyond The Rhetorics – Joseph Tegbe

By: Michael Mike

Nigeria’s ongoing tax reforms have been widely mischaracterised as revenue tricks, mostly through epistemic closure and motivated reasoning, solely focusing on revenue figures, tax rates, and who pays what.

These debates often miss the larger and far more consequential point of the reforms which are primarily about fixing a broken fiscal architecture, and laying the foundations for a modern, well-oiled economy.

What is at stake transcends mere improvement of fiscal space. Rather, it is about whether Nigeria can finally operate like a serious state that is capable of planning, delivering public goods, enforcing rules fairly, and sustaining growth without perpetual crisis management.

As a former Senior Partner and Head of Advisory Services at KPMG in Africa who supported reforms across various levels of Government, both national and subnational levels across Africa, during my career and with benefit of hindsight, I can boldly say that Nigeria’s fiscal failure has never been the absence of wealth. It has been the absence of structure.

For decades, the country ran a structurally weak fiscal system that was over-dependent on volatile oil rents, administrativelyanemic and fragmented, detached from the productive economy and largely disconnected from citizens. This produced a paradoxical state: rich in resources, poor in capacity.

Specifically, taxes were not embedded as a civic obligation or economic stabiliser. Rather, they were episodic, selectivelyenforced, and concentrated on a monolithic formal sector. The informal economy which forms the critical mass of economic activity remained largely outside the system, not by design but by institutional failure.

The result was predictable: weak fiscal planning, chronic deficits, poor service delivery, and a state forced to govern by borrowing rather than by policy. This is the structural dysfunction that the current reforms seek to correct. Thus, the efforts of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, GCFR; Mr. Wale Edun, the Honorable Minister of Finance and the NRS Chairman, Dr. Zach Adedeji must be commended. They are placing Nigeria on a strong pedestal for growth and development.
At their core, the new tax laws are about rebuilding fiscal order.

Firstly, they seek to reconnect the economy to the state. Nogovernment can plan effectively when it has no reliable map of economic activity. Broadening the tax net is therefore less about extraction and more about visibility and coordination.

Secondly, the reforms aim to standardise and modernise fiscal administration. A system built on manual processes, weak data, and discretionary enforcement cannot support a 21st-century economy that Nigeria desires to attain. Digital compliance, harmonised frameworks, and clearer rules are structural upgrades.

Thirdly, they are about predictability. Investors, businesses, and households do not fear taxes as much as they fear uncertainty. A transparent, rules-based tax system reduces discretion, rent-seeking, and arbitrariness which are long-standing deterrents to investment in Nigeria.

Finally, the reforms are designed to rebalance the fiscal social contract, becoming a tool for accountability. When everyone participates, albeit modestly, the relationship between citizens and the government improves.
Previous fiscal regimes suffered from conceptual ineptitude. They treated taxation as an afterthought, subordinate to oil receipts. When oil prices were high, discipline evaporated. When prices fell, emergency measures replaced strategy.

Prosperous nations have walked this reform road before.These are nations often referenced by “Selectively Empirical Commentators” who want Nigeria to get to their levels but suffer deliberate amnesia when reforms are mentioned. In their numerous rhetorics, the methodologically dishonest analysts often cherry-pick statistics to sustain an oppositional narrative while bypassing deeper and analytical realities of the referenced nations.

South Korea, emerging from war and poverty, deliberately built a strong fiscal state by formalising its economy and enforcing compliance before growth accelerated.
Singapore anchored its development on disciplined taxation, institutional integrity, and strict enforcement, long before it became wealthy.

Even closer to home, Rwanda’s post-conflict recovery was driven not by aid alone, but by a deliberate decision to build a credible tax and public finance system as the backbone of state rebuilding.

In every case, tax reform was not popular but it was foundational. Consistent with the experiences of the nations mentioned above, modern tax policy reforms are no longer blunt instrument for raising funds. Across these nations, other advanced and emerging economies alike, tax reforms are increasingly used to promote economic sustainability and improve fiscal architecture.

The Nigerian Tax Acts 2025 follow this well-tested global direction. By simplifying rules, improving administration, and broadening participation in a measured way, the Tax Acts seek to create a more predictable fiscal environment. This predictability is essential for businesses making long-term investment decisions and for households planning their economic futures.

A defining feature of a credible tax reform is the protection of those least able to absorb economic shocks. In many jurisdictions, tax systems are deliberately structured to shield low-income earners and small businesses, recognizing their central role in employment, innovation, and social stability.

Globally, this is achieved through higher tax-free thresholds, simplified compliance regimes, and targeted reliefs for small enterprises. These measures ensure that taxation does not discourage entrepreneurship or push informal activity further into the shadows.

The Nigerian Tax Acts 2025 reflect these principles. By taking away the tax burden on small income earners and small businesses, the reforms aim to preserve livelihoods, encourage formal participation, and allow enterprises to grow organically. Economies grow when small businesses are given the space to survive, adapt, and scale. For example, those who earned N300,000 in 2024 paid taxes at 7% while the new Acts provide for 0% tax rate for those earning up to N800,000.

As the saying goes in tax policy, one does not tax the seed, one nurtures it to blossom. This maxim lies at the heart of the Tax Reform Acts.

Another clear signal of the intent behind the reforms is the deliberate protection of critical sectors such as healthcare, education, and agriculture through the expansion of zerorated VAT items.

Around the world, governments recognize that these sectors are foundational to longterm development. Healthcare and education underpin human capital, while agriculture supports food security, rural employment, and price stability. As a result, many jurisdictions either exempt or zero-rate essential goods and services within these sectors to keep them affordable.

By extending the list of zerorated VAT items to include the critical sectors listed above, the Nigeria tax reforms aim to reduce cost pressures on businesses operating within these critical sectors as well as support access to essential materialsneeded for the wellbeing of Nigerians.

Perhaps, the most forward-looking aspect of the Tax Reform Acts is the emphasis on digitalization and technologydriven tax administration. Across the globe, tax authorities are embracing digital tools to improve compliance, enhance transparency, and reduce administrative burdens for taxpayers.

Innovative solutions such as einvoicing have become standard features of efficient tax systems globally. Einvoicing, has helped many countries improve VAT compliance, reduce fraud, and generate reliable, realtime data for fiscal planning.

Nigeria’s move in this direction signals a commitment to modern governance. A digital tax system is not only more efficient; it is fairer and more transparent. It lowers the cost of compliance, improves accuracy, and builds trust between taxpayers and the government. Over time, it also strengthens the quality of economic data available to policymakers, supporting more effective fiscal and monetary decisionmaking.

Conclusion: A Reform for the Long Term

The Tax Reform Acts are best understood as part of Nigeria’s longterm economic strategy. They are designed to stabilize the fiscal environment, support production, protect critical sectors, and modernize tax administration in line with global standards.

As with all meaningful reforms, their success will depend on careful, transparent, consultative and collaborative implementation. Government remains committed to ongoing engagement with stakeholders to ensure that the transition is orderly and that the objectives of the reforms are fully realized. This requirement sits at the core of the responsibilities of the National Tax Policy Implementation Committee (NTPIC). As earlier stated by President Nola Tinubu, these tax reforms will be implemented with human face and full consideration of the Nigerian citizenry.

Ultimately, strong tax systems are not built overnight, nor are their benefits immediately visible. But over time, they form the backbone of stable economies, credible institutions, and shared prosperity.

Joseph Tegbe, FCA, FCIT is the Chairman of the National Tax Policy Implementation Committee (NTPIC), and the Director-General and Global Liaison, Nigeria-China Strategic Partnership (NCSP).

Nigerian Tax Acts 2025: Benefits Beyond The Rhetorics – Joseph Tegbe

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President Tinubu Flags Off the Construction of Dikwa–Gamboru Ngala, Bama–Banki International Road Projects

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2 days ago

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July 5, 2026

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President Tinubu Flags Off the Construction of Dikwa–Gamboru Ngala, Bama–Banki International Road Projects

By: Bodunrin Kayode

President Bola Tinubu on Saturday flagged off the construction of the 49.55-kilometre Dikwa–Gamboru Ngala Road and the 49.15-kilometre Bama–Banki Road, describing the strategic highways as critical to economic growth, regional integration, and national security.

The two road projects, regarded as economic lifelines of North-East Nigeria, serves as key gateways to neighbouring African countries, which will bolster cross-border trade, facilitate the movement of agricultural produce, and strengthen security operations in a region recovering from over a decade of insurgency.

The groundbreaking ceremony was held along the Maiduguri–Gamboru Ngala Road, where President Tinubu was represented by Vice President Senator Kashim Shettima.

The Vice President said the rehabilitation of the roads would improve connectivity and deliver on the administration’s commitment to infrastructure development across the country.

“His Excellency, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, GCFR, has made infrastructure a central priority. This is what Mr. President promised Nigerians, and I’m here today to affirm our readiness to redeem the promise and to convey his goodwill and gratitude for the support you have shown us,” Shettima said.

“The Bama–Banki Corridor carries special strategic weight. It is a top route of agriculture, movement, and national security. The Dikwa–Gamboru Ngala Road belongs to the same vision of reconnecting communities and restoring economic confidence across Borno State.”

The President also commended Borno State Governor, Professor Babagana Zulum, for prioritising infrastructure and maintaining a strong partnership with the Federal Government.

“The partnership between the Federal Government and Borno State shows what becomes possible when public institutions are united by the urgency of service. Certainly, Your Excellency, Professor Babagana Umara Zulum, you are one of the best-performing governors in the federation,” Tinubu stated.

Governor Zulum expressed appreciation to President Tinubu for approving the road projects and other critical interventions in Borno State.

“The successful commencement of this project reflects the strong partnership between the Federal Government and the Borno State Government. We deeply appreciate and remain eternally grateful to the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, GCFR, for his unwavering commitment to the development, peace, and security of the North East and Nigeria as a whole.

“Borno State Government recognizes that infrastructure remains a critical foundation for development. Since assuming office, our administration has prioritized the rehabilitation and construction of roads, schools, hospitals, water facilities, and other critical infrastructure as part of our commitment to improving the lives of our citizens,” he added.

Governor Zulum also pledged the state’s political support for President Tinubu in the next presidential election.

“I want to assure the President and indeed the Vice President that, Insha Allah, come January 2027, the people of Borno State will overwhelmingly vote him into office.”

The Governor equally praised his representative Vice President Shettima for his sustained support towards the reconstruction and development of Borno State.

“Your Excellency, your personal interest in the reconstruction and development of our state continues to inspire confidence among our people. We sincerely appreciate your leadership and steadfast commitment.” said Zulum.

Zulum also acknowledged the humanitarian contributions of Alhaji Aliko Dangote, particularly through the Aliko Dangote Foundation, during the state’s recovery from insurgency and the 2024 flood disaster.

He recalled the construction of Dangote Village, the donation of ₦1.5 billion to the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), ₦1 billion to the Borno State Government following the 2024 flood, and the distribution of relief materials to internally displaced persons.

“Through the Aliko Dangote Foundation, thousands of displaced persons received food and non-food items. Essentially, in 2017, he donated 106 trucks of food to IDPs.

“Alhaji Aliko Dangote has also donated ₦1.5 billion to NEMA to support flood victims in Borno State in the year 2024.”

Governor Zulum assured that the road projects would be closely monitored to ensure value for money and strict compliance with quality standards. He also appealed to the Minister of Works to grant the Borno State Government a waiver to regulate the activities of heavy-duty truck drivers using the roads intermittently.

Earlier, the Minister of Works, Senator David Umahi, disclosed that the projects would be executed in two phases and expressed confidence that construction would be completed within six months.

The ceremony was attended by the Borno State Deputy Governor, Umar Kadafur; APC Deputy National Chairman (North), Hon. Ali Dalori; senators; members of the House of Representatives; the Shehu of Borno, represented by the Shehu of Dikwa; ministers; members of the Borno State House of Assembly; APC leaders; the Secretary to the State Government; the Head of Service; the Acting Chief of Staff; commissioners; heads of government agencies; and other dignitaries.

President Tinubu Flags Off the Construction of Dikwa–Gamboru Ngala, Bama–Banki International Road Projects

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Tinubu Flags Off Dikwa–Gamboru Ngala, Bama–Banki Road Projects

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2 days ago

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July 5, 2026

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Tinubu Flags Off Dikwa–Gamboru Ngala, Bama–Banki Road Projects

..:Describes Zulum Best Performing Governor

…Zulum Hails Tinubu’s Commitment to Borno Recovery Process

By: Our Reporter

President Bola Ahmed Tinubu on Saturday flagged off the construction of the 49.55-kilometre Dikwa–Gamboru Ngala Road and the 49.15-kilometre Bama–Banki Road, describing the strategic highways as critical to economic growth, regional integration, and national security.

The two road projects, regarded as economic lifelines of the North-East, serve as key gateways to neighbouring African countries, which will bolster cross-border trade, facilitate the movement of agricultural produce, and strengthen security operations in a region recovering from over a decade of insurgency.

The groundbreaking ceremony was held along the Maiduguri–Gamboru Ngala Road, where President Tinubu was represented by Vice President Senator Kashim Shettima.

The Vice President said the rehabilitation of the roads would improve connectivity and deliver on the administration’s commitment to infrastructure development across the country.

“His Excellency, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, GCFR, has made infrastructure a central priority. This is what Mr. President promised Nigerians, and I’m here today to affirm our readiness to redeem the promise and to convey his goodwill and gratitude for the support you have shown us,” Shettima said.

“The Bama–Banki Corridor carries special strategic weight. It is a top route of agriculture, movement, and national security. The Dikwa–Gamboru Ngala Road belongs to the same vision of reconnecting communities and restoring economic confidence across Borno State.”

The Vice President also commended Borno State Governor, Professor Babagana Umara Zulum, for prioritising infrastructure and maintaining a strong partnership with the Federal Government.

“The partnership between the Federal Government and Borno State shows what becomes possible when public institutions are united by the urgency of service. Certainly, Your Excellency, Professor Babagana Umara Zulum, you are one of the best-performing governors in the federation,” the Vice President stated.

Governor Zulum expressed appreciation to President Tinubu for approving the road projects and other critical interventions in Borno State.

“The successful commencement of this project reflects the strong partnership between the Federal Government and the Borno State Government. We deeply appreciate and remain eternally grateful to the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, GCFR, for his unwavering commitment to the development, peace, and security of the North East and Nigeria as a whole,” Zulum remarked.

“Borno State Government recognizes that infrastructure remains a critical foundation for development. Since assuming office, our administration has prioritized the rehabilitation and construction of roads, schools, hospitals, water facilities, and other critical infrastructure as part of our commitment to improving the lives of our citizens,” he added.

Governor Zulum also pledged the state’s political support for President Tinubu in the next presidential election.

“I want to assure the President and indeed the Vice President that, Insha Allah, come January 2027, the people of Borno State will overwhelmingly vote him into office.”

The governor equally praised Vice President Shettima for his sustained support towards the reconstruction and development of Borno State.

“Your Excellency, your personal interest in the reconstruction and development of our state continues to inspire confidence among our people. We sincerely appreciate your leadership and steadfast commitment.”

Zulum also acknowledged the humanitarian contributions of Alhaji Aliko Dangote, particularly through the Aliko Dangote Foundation, during the state’s recovery from insurgency and the 2024 flood disaster.

He recalled the construction of Dangote Village, the donation of ₦1.5 billion to the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), ₦1 billion to the Borno State Government following the 2024 flood, and the distribution of relief materials to internally displaced persons.

“Through the Aliko Dangote Foundation, thousands of displaced persons received food and non-food items. Essentially, in 2017, he donated 106 trucks of food to IDPs. Alhaji Aliko Dangote has also donated ₦1.5 billion to NEMA to support flood victims in Borno State in the year 2024.”

Governor Zulum assured that the road projects would be closely monitored to ensure value for money and strict compliance with quality standards. He also appealed to the Minister of Works to grant the Borno State Government a waiver to regulate the activities of heavy-duty truck drivers using the roads.

Earlier, the Minister of Works, Senator David Umahi, disclosed that the projects would be executed in two phases and expressed confidence that construction would be completed within six months.

The ceremony was attended by the Borno State Deputy Governor, Hon. Umar Usman Kadafur; APC Deputy National Chairman (North), Hon. Ali Bukar Dalori; senators; members of the House of Representatives; the Shehu of Borno, represented by the Shehu of Dikwa; ministers; members of the Borno State House of Assembly; APC leaders; the Secretary to the State Government; the Head of Service; the Acting Chief of Staff; commissioners; heads of government agencies; and other dignitaries.

Tinubu Flags Off Dikwa–Gamboru Ngala, Bama–Banki Road Projects

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PEBEC Targets Seamless Digital Government as 98% of MDAs Meet Business Reform Standards

Published

4 days ago

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July 3, 2026

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PEBEC Targets Seamless Digital Government as 98% of MDAs Meet Business Reform Standards

By: Michael Mike

The Director-General of the Presidential Enabling Business Environment Council, Zahrah Mustapha Audu, has unveiled plans to integrate digital platforms across federal Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) to eliminate duplication, reduce regulatory bottlenecks and create a seamless experience for businesses, following significant gains in public sector service delivery reforms.

Audu disclosed that 98 per cent of the 69 MDAs monitored by the council now meet prescribed responsiveness standards after a targeted reform programme designed to improve compliance with the Business Facilitation Act.

Speaking during an interaction with journalists in Abuja, she said PEBEC’s next phase of reforms would focus on ensuring government agencies no longer operate in isolation but are digitally connected to enable secure information sharing and faster service delivery.

According to her, while many agencies have digitised their operations, businesses still face unnecessary delays because they are repeatedly required to submit the same information to different regulators.

She cited the National Identification Number (NIN) as an example, noting that agencies should no longer demand documents containing information already available on government databases.

“Our objective is to create an environment where businesses provide information once, and relevant government agencies can securely access it instead of making investors repeat the same process multiple times,” she said.

Audu explained that the reforms are part of PEBEC’s broader mandate to eliminate bureaucratic obstacles, simplify regulatory processes and position Nigeria as a preferred investment destination.

Rather than adopting a confrontational approach, she said the council works collaboratively with government institutions to resolve operational challenges.

“PEBEC is not a name-and-shame organisation. We identify gaps and provide technical support to help agencies improve their services,” she said.

She revealed that the council recently concluded a 90-day Business Environment Enhancement Accelerator Programme, during which reform champions embedded across 69 MDAs worked with PEBEC to strengthen compliance with the Business Facilitation Act.

The initiative, she said, resulted in 98 per cent of the agencies meeting service delivery timelines and responding promptly to enquiries from businesses and members of the public.

Audu noted that the council is now shifting attention from basic compliance to competitiveness, with the goal of making Nigeria a more business-friendly destination than neighbouring economies such as Ghana, Benin Republic and Kenya before benchmarking against leading global performers.

As part of efforts to simplify business regulation, she said PEBEC reviewed licensing procedures and documentation requirements across several agencies to eliminate obsolete and repetitive processes that increase the cost and time of doing business.

She also identified top-performing agencies during the council’s assessment, commending the Nigeria Customs Service for fully complying with reform requirements while reducing cargo clearance timelines and simplifying import and export procedures.

Other agencies recognised for exceeding compliance expectations include the Nigerian Ports Authority, the National Information Technology Development Agency and the National Pension Commission, all of which introduced additional customer-focused reforms beyond the minimum standards.

Audu stressed that the assessment was not intended to rank agencies but to institutionalise reforms capable of improving the experience of businesses dealing with government institutions.

She warned that inefficiency in a single government office can undermine investor confidence in the entire country.

“If someone has a bad experience with one government agency, they do not separate that agency from the government. They simply conclude that Nigeria is not working,” she said.

To sustain the reforms, Audu disclosed that PEBEC will continue its quarterly mystery-shopping exercise, under which officials anonymously access government services to independently assess service quality from the perspective of ordinary users.

She added that the council also operates live performance trackers that allow agencies and the public to monitor compliance levels and identify areas requiring improvement.

According to her, the 2026 Business Facilitation Act Compliance Report is expected to be released in November after the completion of the annual assessment.

She said PEBEC’s long-term goal is to entrench a public service culture built on transparency, efficiency and accountability while creating a fully integrated digital government that makes regulatory compliance faster, easier and more predictable for businesses and investors.

PEBEC Targets Seamless Digital Government as 98% of MDAs Meet Business Reform Standards

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