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The Pabir of Biu (Viu): People Lost in Ethnic and Cultural Mist
The Pabir of Biu (Viu): People Lost in Ethnic and Cultural Mist
By: Joseph SHALANGWA
I have been an ardent follower and reader of works published by NEWSng for quite some time, where some works on Bura-Pabir were published, but one interesting piece that came to the fore was “The Lingering Bura-Pabir Question (1&2),” published in 2024, which is somehow related to this article.
Therefore, this work is not to mock or disregard the Pabir as people who are ghastly lost in the mist of ethnic and cultural identity. The work is a historical enlightenment to the people of Nigeria who have routed the Bura and the Pabir as the same people, but historically no, and never are they the same. For political reasons, yes. Just like the Hausa-Fulani coinage.
I want readers to know from this day forward that there is no tribe or ethnic group independently called Babur. We have the Pabir, who are unable to stand as a tribe with distinct culture and traditions.
I am not a historian by any standard, but history and its source materials are of interest to me. I had listened to historical conversations and stories pertaining to my people—the Bura—ever since I was a boy. This has given me some knowledge and understanding of my people’s history, culture, traditions, and civilizations.
As certified technologists, one of our ways of diagnosing troubleshooting is to unscrew and screw in an attempt to mechanically solve the ailment. This is what I am briefly going to do in this work.
I have read so many works on the history of Biu people.
However, some of the writings did not dwell much on the original inhabitants of the Biu Plateau, the Bura, but rather hid in historical conspiracy theory portraying the Pabir as the true inhabitants of the Biu territory. It is not true but misleading and questionable because they left out the Aborigines, the Bura people, who are a tribe and an ethnic nation with history and cultural identity.
At this juncture, questions that will readily come to mind are: Who are the Pabir people? What are their clan names? There has been an identity crisis about the Pabir, who are today known as Babur, lost totally in ethnic and cultural fog.
My findings did not give me any historical validity that the Pabir are the original inhabitants of Biu (Viu) territory; rather, it said that a band of seventy (70) men from the Kanem empire came some hundreds of years ago. “The Bura people are the native inhabitants of the Biu Plateau with unique culture and traditions, clear clan names rooted in their history and civilizations…Musical instruments, dances, foods…” Long before the leader of the 70 men, Yamtra Wala, came onto the scene, he was called and addressed wrongly as YAMTA OLA in the Bura dialect.
Clan names like Bwayama, Dlakwa, Wudiri, Mibwala, Mhya, and Garnva, among many others, are of Bura people. This further drew the ancestral and cultural identity between the Bura and Pabir people. Funny enough, theirs are Mshelganga, Gurdum, Mazalapuwa, Kiribara, Mshelgwagwa, etc. While in the history of the Bura, there are no such clan names. In fact, these names are derived from the Bura local dialect, signifying some of their works and duties in the king’s palace. You may wish to agree with me that Pabir are a group of people who have nosedived and lost their cultural identity.
It baffles me when I see a Pabir man calling himself or herself Babur. Thus, it has further deepened their loss, which has created a historical inferiority complex in them.
This work should serve as a call to all the Babur (Pabir) to come to reality, to break the complexities of their origin, and to accept who they are historically, and to take responsibility as Pabir people, not Babur.
I am also calling on all Bura sons and daughters to continue to stand firm and proudly call and be addressed as Bura worldwide.
Joseph Shalangwa
Writes from Kaduna.
The Pabir of Biu (Viu): People Lost in Ethnic and Cultural Mist
News
FG, Ohanaeze Outlaw ‘Eze Ndigbo’ Titles Abroad Amid Rising Diplomatic Tensions
FG, Ohanaeze Outlaw ‘Eze Ndigbo’ Titles Abroad Amid Rising Diplomatic Tensions
By: Michael Mike
The Federal Government has moved to curb the controversial installation of “Eze Ndigbo” in foreign countries, backing a sweeping decision by Ohanaeze Ndigbo Worldwide and South East traditional rulers to abolish the practice outside Igboland, following a series of international incidents that have strained Nigeria’s diplomatic relations.
Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, Bianca Odumegwu-Ojukwu, delivered the government’s position at the high-level Imeobi meeting of Ohanaeze in Enugu on Thursday, describing the proliferation of Igbo “kings” in the diaspora as a growing embarrassment to Nigeria and a trigger for avoidable conflicts abroad.
She warned that while diaspora communities are free to promote their culture, attempts to replicate traditional rulership structures in foreign lands have repeatedly sparked tensions with host authorities and local populations.
The latest flashpoint occurred in East London, where the coronation of Solomon Ogbonna Eziko ignited violent protests. The unrest led to the destruction of property, attacks on foreign-owned businesses, and clashes with security forces, after locals interpreted the installation as a challenge to South Africa’s traditional authority system.
South African institutions, including the Eastern Cape House of Traditional and Khoi-San Leaders and the Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs, declared the coronation illegal, underscoring the diplomatic sensitivity of such actions.
Nigeria’s foreign missions quickly distanced themselves from the development, with officials clarifying that the event was merely cultural and not a recognized monarchy. The Nigerian Embassy in Pretoria subsequently issued an apology and urged citizens to maintain a low profile.
Odumegwu-Ojukwu revealed that similar tensions had surfaced in Accra in 2025, where protests against Nigerians escalated over the same issue. She led a diplomatic delegation to calm the situation, engaging directly with John Mahama and other key stakeholders.
According to her, the intervention of the Ghanaian president was pivotal in diffusing tensions, as he reaffirmed his country’s commitment to ECOWAS protocols on free movement and rejected calls for xenophobic actions against Nigerians.
The minister stressed that such crises place Nigerian lives, businesses, and diplomatic standing at risk, insisting that urgent measures were necessary to prevent further escalation.
In response, Ohanaeze Ndigbo Worldwide has formally proscribed the conferment and use of “Eze Ndigbo” titles outside Igboland. President-General of the organization, Azuta Mbata, declared that any individual assuming such a title abroad does so without the backing of the Igbo people.
He disclosed that the group would notify state governments and Nigerian missions globally of the decision and is working with traditional rulers to establish sanctions for violators, including community-level enforcement through hometowns and town unions.
The Federal Government has pledged to reinforce the directive through its diplomatic channels, signaling a coordinated effort to prevent further international disputes linked to cultural misrepresentation.
The development marks a decisive shift by both the government and Igbo leadership to separate cultural expression from traditional authority in diaspora settings, amid growing concern over the global implications of local customs.
FG, Ohanaeze Outlaw ‘Eze Ndigbo’ Titles Abroad Amid Rising Diplomatic Tensions
News
Africa, France Move to Reset Economic Ties at Nairobi Summit
Africa, France Move to Reset Economic Ties at Nairobi Summit
By: Michael Mike
African leaders and their French counterparts are set for a critical engagement next month as Kenya and France prepare to host the Africa Forward Summit: Africa–France Partnerships for Innovation and Growth in Nairobi, amid growing calls for a new model of cooperation that delivers real economic impact for the continent.
The summit, scheduled for May 11–12, 2026, will convene top political leaders including Emmanuel Macron and William Ruto, alongside African Heads of State, investors, development partners, civil society groups, and youth representatives.
A Business Forum on May 11 is expected to drive private sector engagement and set the tone for the main summit, where discussions will centre on investment, innovation, and long-term economic collaboration.
Organisers said the summit is designed to move beyond diplomatic symbolism, focusing instead on actionable partnerships in key sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, digital technology, energy, and infrastructure—areas considered vital to Africa’s transformation.
For countries like Nigeria, the outcomes could be significant, offering pathways to attract investment, create jobs, and strengthen economic resilience at a time of global uncertainty.
The summit comes against the backdrop of evolving relations between Africa and France, marked by increasing demands from African nations for more equitable and transparent partnerships.
Historically, France has maintained strong political, economic, and military ties with several African countries, particularly in West and Central Africa. However, in recent years, these relationships have come under scrutiny, with critics calling for an end to perceived imbalances and a shift toward mutual respect and shared benefits.
At the same time, Africa’s global relevance has risen, driven by its growing population, expanding markets, and strategic importance in global supply chains. This has intensified competition among global powers seeking influence on the continent, prompting France to recalibrate its engagement strategy.
The Africa Forward Summit is seen as part of that reset—an attempt to reposition France as a partner in innovation and sustainable development rather than a traditional power broker.
The timing is also significant as it feeds into preparations for the upcoming G7 Summit, where Africa’s economic future, climate challenges, and development financing are expected to dominate discussions.
Analysts said the Nairobi meeting could serve as a testing ground for how Africa and its international partners engage moving forward—shifting from aid-driven relationships to investment-led cooperation.
With unemployment rising and infrastructure gaps widening across many African economies, expectations are high that the summit will produce concrete commitments rather than broad declarations.
Diplomatic missions in Abuja have indicated that further details will be unveiled at a press briefing, but stakeholders are already positioning the summit as a defining moment in reshaping Africa–Europe relations.
If successful, the Africa Forward Summit could mark a turning point—signaling a transition from historic ties to future-focused partnerships built on innovation, shared prosperity, and measurable outcomes.
Africa, France Move to Reset Economic Ties at Nairobi Summit
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News
Experts Sound Alarm Over Unregulated AI in Nigeria’s Healthcare System
Experts Sound Alarm Over Unregulated AI in Nigeria’s Healthcare System
By: Michael Mike
Growing adoption of artificial intelligence in Nigeria’s healthcare sector is outpacing regulatory safeguards, raising concerns among experts who warned that without urgent oversight, the technology could deepen inequality and expose patients to new risks.
This warning took centre stage at a policy dialogue titled “AI in Healthcare: Risk or Asset?”, held Thursday at the French Institute in Abuja, where stakeholders from government, medicine, and development circles examined the expanding role of AI in health service delivery.
Speakers at the forum acknowledged that AI is already transforming diagnostics, laboratory systems, and patient management. However, they cautioned that Nigeria’s regulatory environment has yet to catch up with the speed of innovation.
Director of the French Institute, Thierry Vapentin, set the tone for the discussions, describing the platform as a space to confront emerging global issues through open debate. He stressed the importance of interrogating both the opportunities and ethical dilemmas posed by AI in critical sectors like healthcare.
Delivering a policy perspective, Dr. Anthony Ayeke of the European Union Delegation noted that while AI could significantly improve access and efficiency in healthcare delivery across Africa, blind reliance on automated systems could undermine professional judgment and patient safety. He emphasized that human oversight must remain central in all AI-driven processes.
In his intervention, the CEO of Premier Health Systems Consults, Dr. Niyi Osamiluyi argued that Nigeria urgently needs a clearly defined ethical and regulatory framework to guide AI deployment. He outlined key principles including transparency, inclusiveness, accountability, data protection, and auditability, warning that failure to assign responsibility for AI outcomes could create dangerous accountability gaps.
The issue of data integrity also featured prominently. Joshua Kojalo highlighted ongoing government-backed digital health initiatives, particularly mobile applications designed to expand access to health insurance. However, he warned that overdependence on foreign datasets could embed bias into local systems, potentially excluding vulnerable populations. He called for deliberate investment in locally generated data to ensure fairness and accuracy.
From an operational standpoint, Dr. Temitope Agbana, Co-founder of AIDX Medical, shared field experiences demonstrating AI’s impact on laboratory efficiency, noting that automated systems have significantly increased processing capacity. Despite these gains, he maintained that technology must remain a support tool rather than a substitute for human expertise, stressing that no AI system is entirely error-proof.
Equity concerns dominated the latter part of the discussion, with Dr. Chimezie Anyakora, CEO of Bloom Public Health, warning that weak regulation could leave already disadvantaged communities exposed to the harshest consequences of technological failure. He cautioned that without deliberate safeguards, AI could reinforce existing healthcare disparities rather than bridge them.
Participants agreed that Nigeria risks creating a two-tier healthcare system where advanced AI-driven services are accessible only to the wealthy, while rural and low-income populations are left behind.
The forum concluded with a strong consensus that Nigeria must act swiftly to establish robust regulatory frameworks, invest in capacity building, and ensure inclusive access. Experts stressed that while AI holds immense potential to transform healthcare delivery, its benefits will only be realized if innovation is matched with responsibility.
Without decisive action, they warned, the same technology that promises progress could ultimately widen the gap it seeks to close.
Experts Sound Alarm Over Unregulated AI in Nigeria’s Healthcare System
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