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The Pabir of Biu (Viu): People Lost in Ethnic and Cultural Mist

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The Pabir of Biu (Viu): People Lost in Ethnic and Cultural Mist

By: Joseph SHALANGWA

I have been an ardent follower and reader of works published by NEWSng for quite some time, where some works on Bura-Pabir were published, but one interesting piece that came to the fore was “The Lingering Bura-Pabir Question (1&2),” published in 2024, which is somehow related to this article.

Therefore, this work is not to mock or disregard the Pabir as people who are ghastly lost in the mist of ethnic and cultural identity. The work is a historical enlightenment to the people of Nigeria who have routed the Bura and the Pabir as the same people, but historically no, and never are they the same. For political reasons, yes. Just like the Hausa-Fulani coinage.

I want readers to know from this day forward that there is no tribe or ethnic group independently called Babur. We have the Pabir, who are unable to stand as a tribe with distinct culture and traditions.

I am not a historian by any standard, but history and its source materials are of interest to me. I had listened to historical conversations and stories pertaining to my people—the Bura—ever since I was a boy. This has given me some knowledge and understanding of my people’s history, culture, traditions, and civilizations.

As certified technologists, one of our ways of diagnosing troubleshooting is to unscrew and screw in an attempt to mechanically solve the ailment. This is what I am briefly going to do in this work.

I have read so many works on the history of Biu people.

However, some of the writings did not dwell much on the original inhabitants of the Biu Plateau, the Bura, but rather hid in historical conspiracy theory portraying the Pabir as the true inhabitants of the Biu territory. It is not true but misleading and questionable because they left out the Aborigines, the Bura people, who are a tribe and an ethnic nation with history and cultural identity.

At this juncture, questions that will readily come to mind are: Who are the Pabir people? What are their clan names? There has been an identity crisis about the Pabir, who are today known as Babur, lost totally in ethnic and cultural fog.

My findings did not give me any historical validity that the Pabir are the original inhabitants of Biu (Viu) territory; rather, it said that a band of seventy (70) men from the Kanem empire came some hundreds of years ago. “The Bura people are the native inhabitants of the Biu Plateau with unique culture and traditions, clear clan names rooted in their history and civilizations…Musical instruments, dances, foods…” Long before the leader of the 70 men, Yamtra Wala, came onto the scene, he was called and addressed wrongly as YAMTA OLA in the Bura dialect.

Clan names like Bwayama, Dlakwa, Wudiri, Mibwala, Mhya, and Garnva, among many others, are of Bura people. This further drew the ancestral and cultural identity between the Bura and Pabir people. Funny enough, theirs are Mshelganga, Gurdum, Mazalapuwa, Kiribara, Mshelgwagwa, etc. While in the history of the Bura, there are no such clan names. In fact, these names are derived from the Bura local dialect, signifying some of their works and duties in the king’s palace. You may wish to agree with me that Pabir are a group of people who have nosedived and lost their cultural identity.

It baffles me when I see a Pabir man calling himself or herself Babur. Thus, it has further deepened their loss, which has created a historical inferiority complex in them.

This work should serve as a call to all the Babur (Pabir) to come to reality, to break the complexities of their origin, and to accept who they are historically, and to take responsibility as Pabir people, not Babur.

I am also calling on all Bura sons and daughters to continue to stand firm and proudly call and be addressed as Bura worldwide.

Joseph Shalangwa
Writes from Kaduna.

The Pabir of Biu (Viu): People Lost in Ethnic and Cultural Mist

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Airstrikes destroy terrorist logistics hubs, neutralise 18 in Tumbunma Baba

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Airstrikes destroy terrorist logistics hubs, neutralise 18 in Tumbunma Baba

By Zagazola Makama

Nigerian military aircraft under Operation Hadin Kai have destroyed several terrorist structures and logistics hubs, neutralising about 18 terrorists in an air interdiction operation at Tumbunma Baba in the Tumbuns general area.

The operation, conducted at about 6:05 a.m. on Sept. 11, followed intelligence reports of a high-profile terrorist meeting taking place on the islands.

According to military sources, the formation, conducted the air interdiction after confirmatory intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) missions on Sept. 9 identified several terrorist structures and logistics hubs in the area.

The aircraft reportedly acquired and engaged the identified targets with onboard munitions, resulting in the destruction of several structures and logistics facilities.

The strikes also neutralised approximately 18 terrorists believed to be operating from the enclave.

Military sources assessed the operation as having achieved an estimated 85 per cent success rate, with further air interdiction recommended to consolidate the gains and disrupt surviving elements in the area.

The operation is part of sustained efforts by the military to degrade terrorist networks, destroy their logistics infrastructure and deny them freedom of movement and coordination within the Tumbuns.

Airstrikes destroy terrorist logistics hubs, neutralise 18 in Tumbunma Baba

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UK-backed programme targets learning crisis in Katsina

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UK-backed programme targets learning crisis in Katsina

…New initiative to strengthen reading, mathematics for IQTE pupils, support over-aged out-of-school children

By: Michael Mike

The United Kingdom-backed Scaling Access and Learning in Education (SCALE) programme has been launched in Katsina State, with a focus on tackling foundational learning gaps among children in Integrated Qur’anic and Tsangaya Education (IQTE) schools and restoring educational opportunities for over-aged out-of-school children.

The initiative, launched at the Katsina State Government House on Thursday, is being implemented by the Education Development Trust (EDT), Teaching at the Right Level Africa (TaRL Africa) and Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA), in partnership with the state government.

The programme comes against the backdrop of prolonged insecurity, displacement and school closures across parts of Northern Nigeria, which have disrupted the education of thousands of children and increased the urgency of flexible and inclusive learning pathways.

In Katsina and Zamfara states, SCALE will support the strengthening of reading and mathematics instruction in IQTE schools, while contributing to a national review of the Accelerated Basic Education Programme (ABEP) curriculum.

According to a statement on Friday by the Senior Communications & Public Diplomacy Officer,

Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office, British High Commission, Atinuke Akande-Alegbe, the enhanced ABEP curriculum is designed to provide accelerated basic education for over-aged out-of-school children, particularly those between 10 and 18 whose schooling has been interrupted by conflict, displacement or other barriers.

The intervention will deploy the Teaching at the Right Level approach, an evidence-based model that groups pupils according to their actual learning abilities rather than their age or class, enabling teachers to provide targeted instruction in foundational reading and mathematics, the statement read.

It noted that the approach builds on promising results from Kaduna State, where it was introduced in IQTE schools with support from the Aminu Musa Abdulsalam Foundation. The programme partners said the Kaduna experience showed that children who had previously lacked structured reading instruction could begin reading simple words and develop greater confidence within months.

Speaking at the launch, Governor Umar Dikko Radda said the state’s education priorities extended beyond school enrolment to ensuring that children actually acquired the skills they needed.

“For us, education is not simply about getting a child into the school. Access is only the beginning, but learning is the ultimate objective,” he said.

Radda said the government was seeking to build an education system capable of continuous improvement rather than relying on isolated projects.

“Where an approach demonstrates value and produces results, we will continue to explore appropriate ways to integrate and sustain such approaches within our educational system,” he added.

The Commissioner for Basic and Secondary Education, Suleiman Usman Jibia, described the launch as a milestone in efforts to expand learning opportunities for emerging and IQTE learners across the state.

He said the government looked forward to building on the results of the pilot phase and working with partners towards a broader, more effective and sustainable implementation of SCALE.

The Head of Development Cooperation at the British High Commission in Abuja, Cynthia Rowe, said the programme reflected a shared commitment to ensuring that children could acquire foundational literacy and numeracy skills regardless of the type of school they attended.

“The launch of SCALE marks an important step in our shared mission to ensure that every child, regardless of the type of school they attend, has the opportunity to build strong foundational literacy and numeracy skills,” she said.

Rowe said the UK was proud to support the Katsina State Government in bringing evidence-based teaching approaches into IQTE schools.

Also speaking, the Senior Education Adviser at the British High Commission, Ian Attfield, said too many children in Northern Nigeria had been denied access to quality education.

“We must all step-up to open flexible, evidence backed pathways to learning, to ensure that no child is left behind,” he said.

SCALE is intended to help governments adapt proven education interventions to local contexts, test their effectiveness and build the capacity required to integrate successful approaches into public education systems.

The programme’s expansion into Katsina and Zamfara marks a broader UK engagement in education in Northern Nigeria, extending support beyond states in the North-East and focusing on system strengthening, inclusion and foundational learning.

For Katsina, the initiative offers an opportunity to address learning deficits in education pathways that serve children who are often excluded from conventional schooling, while strengthening the state’s capacity to sustain effective teaching interventions beyond the life of individual projects.

UK-backed programme targets learning crisis in Katsina

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Troops arrest terrorist kingpin, ammunition courier, logistics supplier in Kaduna

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Troops arrest terrorist kingpin, ammunition courier, logistics supplier in Kaduna

By Zagazola Makama

Troops of the Joint Task Force North West, Operation FANSAN YAMMA (OPFY), have arrested a suspected terrorist kingpin, intercepted an ammunition courier and apprehended a suspected terrorist logistics supplier in separate intelligence-led operations across Kaduna State.

The operations, conducted on Wednesday, Sept. 9, 2026, targeted terrorist hideouts, supply routes and support networks in Kubau, Igabi and Birnin Gwari Local Government Areas of the state.

In the early hours of the day, troops of Sector 1 conducted a clearance operation at Dabar Dabo, identified as a known terrorist hideout in Kubau LGA.

During the operation, the troops arrested a suspected terrorist kingpin and two other members of his syndicate at the hideout.

The three suspects were taken into military custody for further investigation and intelligence exploitation.

In a separate operation on the same day, troops of Sector 1, acting on credible intelligence concerning the movement of ammunition, arrested a 50-year-old woman suspected of serving as an ammunition courier in Igabi LGA.

The suspect was allegedly found in possession of 300 rounds of ammunition concealed inside a bag.

Preliminary investigation revealed that the suspect had travelled from Zamfara State to Lafia, where she allegedly received the ammunition for onward delivery to terrorist elements operating around Birnin Gwari in Kaduna State.

The suspect and recovered ammunition have been secured in military custody as investigations continue to establish her network and intended recipients.

Later the same day, troops of Sector 1, working with a community vigilante group, apprehended another suspected terrorist logistics supplier in Birnin Gwari LGA.

During preliminary interrogation and a search of the suspect, troops recovered four communication devices suspected to have been used in connection with terrorist activities.

The suspect and recovered devices were also taken into military custody for further investigation.

The series of operations highlights the growing focus of Operation FANSAN YAMMA on dismantling the support structures that sustain terrorist groups, including their command networks, ammunition couriers, communication channels and logistics suppliers.

The successful interception of the ammunition consignment also represents a significant disruption to the movement of military-grade supplies into terrorist operating areas in Kaduna State.

Operation FANSAN YAMMA has continued to intensify intelligence-led operations across the North-West to disrupt terrorist networks, deny criminal elements freedom of action and prevent the movement of arms, ammunition and other logistics across the Joint Operations Area.

The Joint Task Force has also acknowledged the support of members of the public and urged residents to remain vigilant and promptly report suspicious movements and activities to the nearest security agency.

Troops arrest terrorist kingpin, ammunition courier, logistics supplier in Kaduna

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