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UNODC Raises Alarm Over Growing Global Illicit Drug Supply

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UNODC Raises Alarm Over Growing Global Illicit Drug Supply

By: Michael Mike

Growing illicit drug supply and increasingly agile trafficking networks are compounding intersecting global crises and challenging health services and law enforcement responses, according to the World Drug Report 2023 launched by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) on Monday.

New data put the global estimate of people who inject drugs in 2021 at 13.2 million, 18 per cent higher than previously estimated. Globally, over 296 million people used drugs in 2021, an increase of 23 per cent over the previous decade. The number of people who suffer from drug use disorders, meanwhile, has skyrocketed to 39.5 million, a 45 per cent increase over 10 years.

The Report features a special chapter on drug trafficking and crimes that affect the environment in the Amazon Basin, as well as sections on clinical trials involving psychedelics and medical use of cannabis; drug use in humanitarian settings; innovations in drug treatment and other services; and drugs and conflict.

The World Drug Report 2023 also highlighted how social and economic inequalities drive – and are driven by – drug challenges; the environmental devastation and human rights abuses caused by illicit drug economies; and the rising dominance of synthetic drugs.

The report showed that demand for treating drug-related disorders remains largely unmet with only one in five people suffering from drug-related disorders were in treatment for drug use in 2021, with widening disparities in access to treatment across regions.

Youth populations are the most vulnerable to using drugs and are also more severely affected by substance use disorder in several regions. In Africa, 70 per cent of people in treatment are under the age of 35.

The report argued that public health, prevention, and access to treatment services must be prioritized worldwide, or drug challenges will leave more people behind. It further underscored the need for law enforcement responses to keep pace with agile criminal business models and the proliferation of cheap synthetic drugs that are easy to bring to market.

Reacting to the findings of the report, UNODC Executive Director Ghada Waly said: “We are witnessing a continued rise in the number of people suffering from drug use disorders worldwide, while treatment is failing to reach all of those who need it. Meanwhile, we need to step up responses against drug trafficking rings that are exploiting conflicts and global crises to expand illicit drug cultivation and production, especially of synthetic drugs, fueling illicit markets and causing greater harm to people and communities.”

According to the report, the right to health is not granted to many people who use drugs; large inequalities in access and availability of controlled drugs for medical use persist, particularly for pain management; the disparity is particularly prevalent between the global North and South and across urban and rural areas, making some people feel the negative impact of drugs more than others.

Some 86 per cent of the world’s population live in countries with too little access to pharmaceutical opioids (as controlled under the 1961 Single Convention) – mainly low and middle-income countries; some impoverished and vulnerable populations, such as those in the tri-border area between Brazil, Colombia, and Peru, are trapped in rural areas with a high prevalence of drug-related crimes, with their remote locations make it exceedingly difficult for them to benefit from treatment services, resources, or the rule of law.

The report explained that the drug economy in the Amazon Basin is exacerbating additional criminal activities – such as illegal logging, illegal mining, illegal land occupation, wildlife trafficking and more – damaging the environment of the world’s largest rainforest. Indigenous peoples and other minorities are suffering the consequences of this crime convergence, including displacement, mercury poisoning, and exposure to violence, among others; environmental defenders are sometimes specifically targeted by traffickers and armed groups.

It stated that while the war in Ukraine has displaced traditional cocaine and heroin routes, there are signs that the conflict could trigger an expansion of the manufacture and trafficking of synthetic drugs, given the existing know-how and the large markets for synthetic drugs developing in the region: in the Sahel, the illicit drug trade finances non-state armed and insurgency groups, while in Haiti, drug traffickers take advantage of porous borders to bolster their businesses, fueling the country’s multiplying crises.

The report said while new research on the use of controlled drugs such as psychedelics to treat mental health conditions and substance use disorders shows promise, it however cautioned that the fast pace of developments could jeopardize efforts to enact policies that place public health concerns over commercial interests; without well-designed, adequately researched frameworks in place, there may be too little access for those who need treatment – potentially causing patients to turn to illegal markets – or conversely, the psychedelics may be diverted for non-medical use.

The report said the cheap, easy, and fast production of synthetic drugs has radically transformed many illicit drug markets; criminals producing methamphetamine – the world’s dominant illegally manufactured synthetic drug – are attempting to evade law enforcement and regulatory responses through new synthesis routes, bases of operation, and non-controlled precursors.

It raised the alarm that fentanyl has drastically altered the opioid market in North America with dire consequences, noting that in 2021, the majority of the approximately 90,000 opioid related overdose deaths in North America involved illegally manufactured fentanyls.

It was however said drug ban in Afghanistan may have reversed upward opium production trend; the 2023 opium harvest in Afghanistan may see a drastic drop following the national drug ban, as early reports suggest reductions in poppy cultivation, stressing that the benefits of a possible significant reduction in illicit opium cultivation in Afghanistan in 2023 would be global, but it will be at the expense of many farmers in the country who do not have alternative means of income generation.

It added that Afghanistan is also a major producer of methamphetamines in the region, and the drop in opiate cultivation could drive a shift towards synthetic drug manufacture, where different actors will benefit.

UNODC Raises Alarm Over Growing Global Illicit Drug Supply

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Operation Hadin Kai debunks Fake news on ISWAP enclave in Tuba, Jere in Borno

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Operation Hadin Kai debunks Fake news on ISWAP enclave in Tuba, Jere in Borno

By: Zagazola Makama

Reports circulating online claiming that Boko Haram and ISWAP insurgents have established a new enclave in Tuba, Jere Local Government Area, have been strongly condemned by military sources in Operation HADIN KAI, describing the claims as false, misleading, and deliberately designed to spread fear.

According to the sources, recent operations conducted by troops of 212 Battalion, Operation HADIN KAI, across Tuba and surrounding areas including Dusuman, Jabarmari, Gongulong, Ngom, and along the Maiduguri-Monguno and Maiduguri-Mafa highways, found no evidence of any terrorist enclave, concentration, or movement as claimed in the reports.

The military sources expressed outrage over the circulation of such unverified stories, noting that some media platforms appear to be serving interests contrary to national security and public safety. “These claims are false, sensational, and do not reflect the reality on the ground,” the sources said.

They pointed to previous instances of deliberate exaggeration, where some outlets reported that 40 or even 100 soldiers were killed during attacks in Konduga figures that were never corroborated by even the insurgents themselves. Another example cited involved reports claiming Boko Haram had taken over Ngoshe, only for videos of troops firmly securing the area to emerge, exposing the lies. Despite this, some media still went ahead to report that Army has recaptured Ngoshe without providing further details of how the Operation tool place.

“Who are these media outlets serving?” the military sources demanded. “Are they advancing national or public interest, or are they actively trying to support the terrorists to disintegrate the country through fake narratives?”

While acknowledging operational challenges in the theatre, the military sources emphasized that troops continue to maintain operational dominance, safeguard residents, and protect highways and strategic installations across the North East region.

In other countries, citizens rally around their military to support them in countering violent extremism. Hardly will you find active citizens working as though they are tool of terrorists propaganda. They warned that unverified reports undermine troop morale, endanger civilians, and distort public perception of ongoing security efforts in the country.

Journalists and media platforms were urged to exercise professionalism, verify facts before publication, and avoid being used as instruments of destabilisation. Residents were advised to rely only on credible sources and report suspicious activities to security agencies.

The military remains committed to defeating terrorism, ensuring stability in Borno State and the broader North-East, and will not be distracted or demoralized by falsehoods masquerading as news.

Operation Hadin Kai debunks Fake news on ISWAP enclave in Tuba, Jere in Borno

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Fresh tension in ISWAP camps as top commander Modu Kunduli neutralised by troops in Borno

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Fresh tension in ISWAP camps as top commander Modu Kunduli neutralised by troops in Borno

By: Zagazola Makama

Fresh tension and anxiety have gripped Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) camps following the neutralisation of one of its top commanders, Modu Kunduli, by troops of Operation HADIN KAI during a failed assault on the Army Forward Operation Base in Mayanti village, Bama Local Government Area of Borno State.

Sources say the late commander met his end during a last week’s failed mission targeting the Army Forward Operation Base at Mayanti village. His death is expected to create a significant leadership vacuum within ISWAP, particularly in Sambisa Forest, given his mastery of local terrain and fluency in Fulfulde, Kanuri, and Marghi.

Zagazola report that Kunduli, a high-profile ISWAP commander, had been orchestrating attacks across Borno and Adamawa states for the past ten years, dating back to the era of Boko Haram founder Abubakar Shekau. He joined ISWAP shortly after the death of Shekau in 2021z

He was notorious for terrorising communities in Askira Uba Local Government Area, including Lassa, Multaku, Uvu, Wamdeo, and Ruimirgo villages. Reports also indicate his involvement in attacks on Vita, Yamtage, Izge, Pulka, Warabe, Limankara, and Ubawa villages in Gwoza Local Government Area.

Beyond Borno, Kunduli held operational control over Galta, a border community linking Adamawa and Borno states, overseeing large swathes of territory in Madagali and Michika Local Government Areas of Adamawa. His deep knowledge of the Sambisa Forest terrain, coupled with his leadership capabilities, earned him the command of several ISWAP branches across the region.

Zagazola note that Kunduli’s elimination represents a major blow to ISWAP’s operational capabilities in the north-east, disrupting the group’s command structure and its ability to coordinate attacks across Borno and Adamawa states.

Troops of Operation HADIN KAI continue to exploit the area and maintain aggressive patrols to prevent remaining insurgents from regrouping.

Military sources have assured residents that the offensive will continue until the remnants of the terrorist group are decisively neutralised.

Fresh tension in ISWAP camps as top commander Modu Kunduli neutralised by troops in Borno

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Lake Chad Basin Commission appoints Amb. Ibrahim Babani as Executive Secretary

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Lake Chad Basin Commission appoints Amb. Ibrahim Babani as Executive Secretary

By: Zagazola Makama

The designation of Amb. Ibrahim Babani as the new Executive Secretary of the Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC) has sparked fresh expectations for stronger regional cooperation, environmental recovery and security stabilisation across the Lake Chad region.

Babani’s appointment was announced at the 71st Ordinary Session of the Council of Ministers of the LCBC, held on March 6, 2026, in N’Djamena, Chad, where ministers and commissioners from member states deliberated on strategies to address the region’s pressing challenges.

The meeting, chaired by Mr Passale Kanabe Marcelin, Chad’s Minister of Water and Energy Resources and current Chairman of the LCBC Council of Ministers, brought together representatives of the commission’s member states, including Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Chad and the Central African Republic.

Nigeria was represented by Prof. Joseph Terlumun Utsev, Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation and First Commissioner of Nigeria to the LCBC, alongside Mrs Bianca Ojukwu, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and Second Commissioner.

The Lake Chad Basin Commission remains one of Africa’s most important regional bodies, responsible for coordinating water resource management, environmental restoration and socio-economic development among countries sharing the Lake Chad Basin.

The basin supports more than 40 million people across the five member states, whose livelihoods depend largely on fishing, farming and pastoral activities linked to the shrinking lake.

Over the past decades, however, the region has faced severe environmental degradation, climate change impacts and the devastating effects of the ISWAP/Boko Haram insurgency, which has displaced millions and disrupted economic activities. These complex challenges have made the role of the LCBC increasingly strategic in driving recovery, stabilisation and resilience across the basin.

Stakeholders believe Babani’s emergence as Executive Secretary comes at a critical time when the commission is intensifying efforts to implement several large-scale regional programmes.

These include the Regional Strategy for Stabilisation, Recovery and Resilience (RS-SRR) for areas affected by Boko Haram violence, as well as projects aimed at ecological restoration and socio-economic reintegration of vulnerable populations.

During the meeting, commissioners reviewed progress in implementing the strategy and emphasised the need to accelerate key initiatives, including the development of a regional transitional justice policy and improved coordination of stabilisation interventions.

They also recommended the organisation of the sixth edition of the Governors’ Forum in Niger, alongside meetings of traditional rulers and civil society organisations to strengthen community-based recovery efforts.

Prior to his appointment, the incoming Executive Secretary of the LCBC, Amb. Ibrahim Babani, served as Director of External Affairs (DEA) at the Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA) and also doubles as Head of Mission (HoM) of the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF), bringing extensive security and diplomatic experience to his new role.

Babani’s leadership will therefore be critical in coordinating these initiatives and ensuring that they translate into tangible benefits for affected communities. Another priority expected to dominate Babani’s tenure is the restoration of the Lake Chad ecosystem, which has shrunk drastically over the past half century due to climate change, drought and unsustainable water use.

At the session, commissioners reviewed progress on the Inter-Basin Water Transfer Project, a major initiative designed to replenish the lake by transferring water from other basins.

The Council of Ministers commended the LCBC Executive Secretariat for successfully mobilising funding from the African Development Bank for the project and urged faster implementation of technical support programmes aimed at restoring the lake’s ecological and economic functions. Environmental experts believe that restoring the lake is crucial for reducing poverty, preventing conflicts over natural resources and addressing some of the root causes of insecurity in the region.

The Ministers also reviewed progress on the Lake Chad Region Recovery and Development Project (PROLAC) and encouraged continued engagement with the World Bank to secure financing for a second phase of the initiative.

Similarly, they called for further advocacy with the African Development Bank to support the second phase of the Project to Support the Socio-Economic Reintegration of Vulnerable Groups in the Lake Chad Basin (PARSEBALT).

Both initiatives focus on rebuilding infrastructure, supporting livelihoods and reintegrating vulnerable groups affected by years of insurgency and displacement. These programmes complement military efforts against extremist groups by addressing the social and economic conditions that fuel instability.

Despite its strategic importance, the LCBC continues to face financial constraints that could hamper implementation of its programmes.

During the session, commissioners raised concerns about the accumulation of unpaid contributions by member states and urged governments to settle their arrears and ensure regular payment of statutory dues.

They also mandated the chairman of the Council of Ministers to escalate the issue to the highest political authorities within member states to guarantee sustainable funding for the commission’s activities.

The council approved the commission’s 2026 Annual Work Plan and Budget, estimated at 15.13 billion CFA francs, with over 12.63 billion CFA francs allocated to development programmes and 2.50 billion CFA francs for operational costs.

The meeting also adopted key annexes to the Lake Chad Basin Water Charter, including frameworks governing the management of water infrastructure and procedures for notification of planned measures affecting shared water resources.

Commissioners further endorsed a Five-Year Investment Plan and directed the Executive Secretariat to organise a donors’ roundtable to mobilise international support.

Babani’s leadership comes at a time when the Lake Chad region is at a crossroads. While military operations have significantly weakened insurgent groups in recent years, millions of people still face humanitarian challenges, environmental degradation and fragile livelihoods.

The effectiveness of the LCBC in coordinating development, environmental restoration and stabilisation initiatives could determine whether the region moves toward lasting peace and prosperity.

The Council of Ministers concluded the meeting by expressing appreciation to development partners for their continued support and announcing that the next budgetary session will be held in Bangui, Central African Republic.

For many stakeholders in the Lake Chad Basin, the appointment of Babani represents not only a change in leadership but also a renewed opportunity to accelerate recovery, strengthen regional cooperation and secure the future of one of Africa’s most vital ecosystems.

Zagazola is a Counter Insurgency Expert and Security Analyst in the Lake Chad regional

Lake Chad Basin Commission appoints Amb. Ibrahim Babani as Executive Secretary

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