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Coups: International IDEA, regional envoys lead the way for inclusive governance, constitutional transition in Africa

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Coups: International IDEA, regional envoys lead the way for inclusive governance, constitutional transition in Africa

By: Michael Mike

•Jonathan, Chambas, ECOWAS, AU, IGAD harps on strengthening democracy 
The International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA), Regional Economic Communities (RECs), special envoys, and other key stakeholders are leading the way for inclusive governance and constitutional transition in Africa.


This was the main focus of the just concluded two-day “2nd Annual Retreat for Special Envoys and High Officials representing the RECs on Constitutional Transitions and Unconstitutional Changes of Governments” in Abuja, organized by International IDEA in collaboration with the ECOWAS Commission and Foreign Ministry of the Netherlands.
Speaking at the event in response to the resurgent Coup in parts of Africa, former President and ECOWAS Special Envoy, Goodluck Jonathan, stressed the need for inclusivity and constitutional transition of government to maintain stability in the society. 


Jonathan stressed that the dialogue on inclusivity should delve into how RECs and Special Envoys respond to constitutional transitions and unconstitutional government changes in alignment with democratic principles.
He said: “I have always said that there is a strong connection between democracy and development, hence the need to deepen democracy, make it more inclusive, and strengthen the institutions of governance, towards building a stable and prosperous society.”
He urged the stakeholders to place more emphasis on strengthening structures for credible elections, peace meditations, and good governance. He said discussions should explore the monitoring of responses to crises, and their adaptability in a rapidly evolving context due to factors such as security, climate change, and humanitarian challenges.
In his remarks, Secretary-General International IDEA, Dr Kevin Casas-Zamora,  stated its commitment to promoting Constitutional Transitions in Africa noting that it’s a pivotal opportunity for inclusive reform and democratic consolidation. 
He said, “History teaches a crucial lesson: a significant portion of the population must feel they have a stake in the political system to prevent challenges, often violent, from those feeling excluded. Constitutional transitions, particularly following unconstitutional changes of government, are critical junctures in which all stakeholders must have a vested interest. 
“Ensuring broad-based trust and ownership during these times fortifies public and stakeholder confidence in the new political order, creating safeguards against future attempts to undermine the transition,” he explained.
Zamora noted that key findings emanating from the International IDEA’s “Global State of Democracy Report” revealed that “this is a challenging time for democracy globally”. 

According to him, their data showed that this is the sixth consecutive year of democratic deterioration globally, the longest such sequence since our records started in 1975. 

The International IDEA scribe lamented that over two-thirds of the world’s population now lives in non-democratic regimes or in countries where democracy is visibly retreating. 

“Our report documents the considerable pressures faced by democratic governments everywhere: rising populism; declining trust in institutions; runaway polarization; unmet social expectations; pressing environmental challenges; and an increasingly toxic information environment,” Zamora disclosed.

In the same vein, Ambassador Muhammad Yonis, representing the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), emphasized the perils associated with a lack of inclusivity, underlining the potential for unrest or tribal discord. He acknowledged that, in some instances, disillusionment with corrupt governments may lead some to favor a military takeover. 


However, Yonis stressed the importance of engaging with such forces through open dialogue and public involvement.
The IGAD Senior Advisor to Chief Negotiator,  also cautioned against the adoption of colonial-era constitutions, asserting that this approach may not be suitable for contemporary contexts.


Drawing from his experience in Somalia, he pointed to the structural deficiencies that had led to political instability, where presidents hung prisoners multiple times within a single term, and some leaders remained in power for extended periods, ranging from eight to twenty years.
While acknowledging that the IGAD region is not entirely immune to the potential for unconstitutional government changes, Yonis highlighted that such instances are relatively rare within the region.


Ambassador Addel-Fatau Musah, the ECOWAS Commissioner for Political Affairs, Peace, and Security, pointed out that while the African Union, ECOWAS, and other regional organizations possess documents designed to fortify democracy, they continue to grapple with challenges.
Musah highlighted the necessity of examining factors such as poverty and exclusive politics, questioning the root causes behind the surge in coups. He urged for a deeper exploration of whether poverty plays a significant role in these events, emphasizing the relevance of the digital advancements that characterize the era.


The Ambassador said, “We need to talk about poverty, exclusive politics. There must be a reason why there is an epidemic of coups. Is it poverty? We are in an era where we have to look at digital advancement.


“There is organized labor but the military is now abandoning its primary role and taking over power. In West Africa, we had 9 coups. Unsuccessful coups have been there. On the day of the inauguration, Bazoum faced a coup,” he lamented.


Musah urged for a nuanced understanding of these situations, emphasizing that the blame should not be solely placed on governance issues. While concerns about insecurity are raised, he highlighted the crucial role of the environment in these circumstances. The military, he noted, is traditionally tasked with providing security, making it pertinent for them to fulfill this duty.


In a stark portrayal of the situation, the ECOWAS  Commissioner shared alarming statistics, stating that over two million people are displaced in Burkina Faso, and more than one million children are deprived of education. He underscored that the security situation is deteriorating in Mali and Niger.


To ensure a smooth and inclusive transition, Musah implored the international community to exercise patience, recognizing the complexity of these challenges.


Also speaking, the African Union (AU) High Representative for Silencing the Guns, Amb. Mohammed ibn Chambas said the Union is in solidarity with International IDEA.


“Violation of human rights, violation of African rights, and our resources are often exploited to our disadvantage,” Chambas said.


“We must abide by the principle of non-differentness. We must push forward the agenda for conflict resolution through the African peace architecture,” he stressed, adding that “we must ensure that African standby forces work”.


On his part, Netherlands Ambassador to Nigeria, Amb Williams Wouter Plomp, said African countries are facing a rise in unconstitutional government transition without constitutional reforms.
“We want inclusion. ECOWAS and others must devise mechanisms to help entrench constitutional government.”


Also speaking, Nigeria’s Minister of Foreign Affairs, Amb. Yusuf Maitama Tuggar, who was represented by the Director of African Affairs, Amb. Salisu Umar decried what he described as an “avoidable crisis of unconstitutional change of governments in Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Niger, Gabon, and others”.


“This has to be reversed. These unconstitutional changes are taking place despite things that are supposed to deter the actors. Africa is signatory to treaties and conventions but the reasons why the continent is still where it needs to be interrogated,”the minister said.


The gathering which epitomizes the spirit of collaboration and commitment to democratic values, was championed by IDEA. The annual retreat offers a platform for experts and political leaders to explore the critical themes surrounding democracy’s sustainability, making it an apt demonstration of International IDEA’s multifaceted contributions.

International IDEA, established in 1995 as an intergovernmental organization, is dedicated to promoting sustainable democracy worldwide.

The organization specializes in policy-friendly research and analysis related to elections, parliaments, constitutions, digitalization, climate change, inclusion, and political representation, all aligned with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.

Coups: International IDEA, regional envoys lead the way for inclusive governance, constitutional transition in Africa

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NAPTIP Vows Tougher Measures Against Gender-Based Violence

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NAPTIP Vows Tougher Measures Against Gender-Based Violence

By: Michael Mike

The Director-General of the National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP), Hajiya Binta Bello has reaffirmed the Federal Government’s commitment to eliminating all forms of gender-based violence in the country.

She made the commitment on Monday at a press conference on activities lined up by the agency for the commemoration of the 2025 Sixteen Days of Activism Against Gender-Based Violence.

Bello, while describing the annual event as a “powerful reminder of the world’s collective duty to safeguard the rights, dignity, and safety of women and girls,” explained that the 16-day campaign—running from November 25 (International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women) to December 10 (Human Rights Day)—has evolved into a worldwide movement since its launch in 1991 in memory of the Mirabal sisters of the Dominican Republic.

This year’s UN-led theme focuses on combatting digital violence against women and girls, a rapidly growing threat in the digital age. Bello noted that the campaign seeks to expand awareness, advocate for stronger policies, promote equality and respect, and amplify the voices of survivors.

She said while NAPTIP is best known for its anti-trafficking mandate, the agency also addresses a wider spectrum of abuses, noting that through awareness campaigns, survivor rehabilitation, and law enforcement activities, NAPTIP works to prevent violence and bring offenders to justice.

She highlighted ongoing community outreach programmes as well as partnerships with stakeholders to provide legal, psychological, and social support for victims.

Bello said a major part of the agency’s work revolves around the Violence Against Persons Prohibition (VAPP) Act 2015, which criminalizes domestic violence, sexual assault, emotional abuse, female genital mutilation, harmful widowhood practices, stalking, and other forms of violence.

She noted that NAPTIP has consistently championed the enforcement of the Act across states by building capacity among police officers, judicial officers, health workers, and community leaders. Multi-sectoral committees, including the High-Level Multi-Agency Task Team and the Service Providers Accountability Resource Committee (SPARC), continue to support coordinated implementation nationwide.

She however acknowledged ongoing challenges, particularly cultural and societal barriers that discourage victims from speaking out.

The Director-General revealed that NAPTIP has secured over 40 convictions related to sexual and gender-based violence, including two life sentences, adding that the agency’s Rapid Response Team continues to respond swiftly to emergency reports.

One of the most recent convictions involved a 19-year-old teacher from Kwali who received a life sentence for raping his nine-year-old pupil.

Bello stressed that ending gender-based violence requires collective action, lamenting that growing insecurity, mass displacement, and economic hardship have contributed to increased cases of sexual and gender-based violence across Nigeria.

She however called on religious and traditional leaders, parents, guardians, civil society, and the media to intensify efforts in educating communities, reporting offenders, and supporting survivors.

Bello promised that NAPTIP will strengthen its strategies in the coming months by scaling up awareness to underserved communities, enhancing digital advocacy targeting Gen-Z populations, and deepening stakeholder engagement.

She said: “It will not be rosy for any perpetrator in the coming season,” warning that: “The VAPP Act is not a promise—it is a law, and it must be enforced without fear or favor.”

She expressed appreciation to development partners, especially the ICMPD, whose “TIPVAP Nigeria” project has significantly improved responses across eight implementing states.

Bello urged Nigerians to actively participate in ending violence: “Through sustained advocacy, enforcement of laws, societal transformation, and personal responsibility, we can build a Nigeria where every woman and girl lives free from fear.”

She revealed that part of activities lined up for the 2025 Sixteen Days of Activism include Awareness Walk, High-Level Policy Dialogue, and Mental Health Training.

She appealed for stronger prevention strategies, saying: “The 16 Days is an opportunity to turn laws into justice and rhetoric into genuine care.

NAPTIP Vows Tougher Measures Against Gender-Based Violence

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Boko Haram beheads women found with charms, accuses them of shirk in Gwoza

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Boko Haram beheads women found with charms, accuses them of shirk in Gwoza

By: Zagazola Makama

Fighters of the Boko Haram faction loyal to Ali Ngulde have beheaded two women in the Mandara Mountain area of Gwoza Local Government Area of Borno State after accusing them of engaging in shirk (idolatry).

Sources told Zagazola Makama that the victims were apprehended by the terrorists who alleged they were found with charms (layu) during a search around its settlements.

In the video the insurgents claimed the charms found on the women were evidence of forbidden practices and immediately subjected them to the faction’s makeshift trial system.

They accused the two women of practising shirk after they found some charms on them. The terrorists took them to a secluded part of the mountains and executed them after the so-called trial,” the source said.

He added that the execution was carried out publicly in the presence of other fighters and people to instill fear and enforce obedience to the faction’s doctrines.

Zagazola reports that the Ali Ngulde faction has intensified punitive measures in recent months, targeting individuals accused of sorcery and spying while some were killed for attempting to defect..

Boko Haram beheads women found with charms, accuses them of shirk in Gwoza

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NSCDC intercepts diverted Yobe government tractors, exposes alleged sabotage ring in ministry

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NSCDC intercepts diverted Yobe government tractors, exposes alleged sabotage ring in ministry

By: Zagazola Makama

Operatives of the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC) in Yobe have intercepted two government-owned tractors allegedly being smuggled out of the state for illegal sale, uncovering what sources describe as an “internal sabotage network” within the State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources.

Zagazola Makama gathered that the tractors, part of Governor Mai Mala Buni’s agricultural support programme, were reportedly diverted by officials who have long been suspected of selling government-owned farm machinery to neighbouring states.

It was gathered that the latest incident occurred on Oct. 22 when NSCDC personnel intercepted two tractors being moved from an estate along the bypass in Damaturu and headed towards the Nayinawa axis, allegedly en route out of the state.

A security source said that the tractors bore clear government insignia, leaving no doubt about their ownership. However, more than one month after the interception, no official from the Ministry of Agriculture including the Commissioner, Permanent Secretary or any departmental director, has stepped forward to officially claim the machinery or explain the circumstances surrounding the attempted diversion.

“These tractors carry bold government identification. Despite that, no authorised official has come to claim them or provide documentation. Instead, we have seen strong behind-the-scenes pressure to release them quietly,” the source said.

According to the source, the NSCDC officer who made the arrest insisted that all parties involved must appear to provide explanations before the tractors could be released. His refusal to bow to pressure allegedly angered influential interests both within the Corps and in the state bureaucracy.

Zagazola gathered that the officer was subsequently transferred out of Yobe State in what insiders described as an attempt to “bury the case and silence resistance”.

Investigations further revealed that this was not the first diversion of agricultural machinery under the state’s empowerment scheme. Some tractors were reportedly smuggled and sold in a neighbouring state months earlier, with no internal accountability action taken.

The diversion of the tractors undermines Governor Buni’s vision of strengthening mechanised farming, boosting food production and mitigating food shortages in Yobe.

A senior agricultural stakeholder, who pleaded anonymity, said: This is pure economic sabotage. These tractors were procured to support farmers and strengthen food security. Diverting them for personal gain is not just theft it is an attack on the state’s development.”

Zagazola reports that the tractors remain in NSCDC custody pending official claim and clarifications. Both the NSCDC and the Ministry of Agriculture have not issued public statements on the development as at the time of filing this report.

NSCDC intercepts diverted Yobe government tractors, exposes alleged sabotage ring in ministry

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