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ECOWAS Court Restates Commitment to Protection of Human Rights
ECOWAS Court Restates Commitment to Protection of Human Rights
By: Michael Mike
The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Community Court of Justice has restated its unwavering commitment to the protection of human rights and human dignity across West Africa region.
The commitment was given on Wednesday at an occasion hosted by the court to commemorate the 2025 International Human Rights Day, with the theme “Human Rights: Our Everyday Essential”, with legal scholars and jurists emphasizing the Court’s growing influence in shaping human rights jurisprudence in the region.

Prof. Muhammed Tawfiq Ladan emphasized that Human Rights Day is not merely a ceremonial event but a deliberate moment for nations and institutions to reflect on their progress in protecting human rights.
He said: “Every year we commemorate Human Rights Day as a point of reflection,not to recount what civil and political rights are, nor what socio-economic or third-generation rights like the right to development are ,but to underscore the impact of the ECOWAS Court of Justice’s contribution to the development of human rights experience on member states, community citizens, Africa, and even globally.”
He stressed that states in the ECOWAS region often rush to sign and ratify human rights treaties fully, yet drag their feet during implementation.
He noted that: “Promotion and protection of human rights is not a charity work by member states or national governments; it is not optional. It is first a constitutional obligation and second, a treaty obligation. Our governments are always in a hurry to sign and ratify every human rights treaty, but when it comes to implementation, the same governments or their agencies begin to provide grounds for resistance.”
Ladan emphasized that ECOWAS cannot function effectively if member states undermine the institutions established to protect citizens’ rights.
He said: “You cannot be part of a regional economic integration agenda like that of ECOWAS, set up regional institutions to take decisions for and on your behalf and on behalf of your citizens, and then fail to commit to their effective performance. Member states voluntarily join ECOWAS because they believe there are benefits, and therefore they must strengthen and respect institutions such as the ECOWAS Court of Justice.”
He highlighted that human rights obligations to protect against discrimination, marginalization, and exploitation are embedded in constitutions and treaties that West African countries have adopted.
He added that: “It is not a charity when national governments put mechanisms in place to protect vulnerable groups against disadvantage, discrimination, and marginalization.
“These obligations are found in our constitutions and in the treaties we have signed and ratified. When citizens feel a sense of non-discrimination, equality, and equal opportunities, it forms the basis for peace and security and the betterment of all.”
He noted that the 2005 Supplementary Protocol, which grants individuals direct access to the Court without exhausting local remedies, has transformed the Court into a powerful human rights tribunal.
He said: “Direct access for individuals introduced through the 2005 Supplementary Protocol has led to about 90% of the ECOWAS Court’s cases being human rights related. This statistical reality shows the Court’s importance as a forum for redress, where citizens and civil society actors can come when national systems fail or delay justice.”
Ladan explained that the ECOWAS Court’s influence extends beyond rulings; it shapes national reforms, applies global human rights standards, and empowers civil society.
He said: “The Court has issued landmark judgments,from modern slavery cases to the right to education and freedom of expression which now influence legal thinking across the globe. It applies a wide range of regional and international human rights instruments in its judgments, effectively domesticating and enforcing global standards within the West African context. These are measurable indicators of its impact.”
He stressed the indivisibility of rights, explaining that the enjoyment of socio-economic rights is essential to human dignity and the realization of other rights.
“You cannot meaningfully enjoy the right to life when you are deprived of the right to health, the right to human dignity, or the right to a clean and healthy environment. The Court has consistently ruled that ongoing violations of socio-economic rights whether education, health, or environmental protection,are not barred by time limits. This has been a major win for victims over the last seven to eight years.”
Ladan warned that widespread poverty, weak social safety nets, and corruption across West Africa continue to undermine citizens’ ability to enjoy their fundamental rights particularly socio-economic rights.
He emphasized that without political will and accountability, human rights progress will remain slow.
“Poverty undermines the exercise of human rights because many poor people are not covered by any form of social safety net. Statistics in West Africa are not favorable many community citizens still grapple with poverty.
National governments must demonstrate real political will and cooperate in stamping out corruption so that resources can be freed to provide essential socio-economic infrastructure for citizens. If you deprive any group of their everyday essentials, you deny them progress and development.”
On his part, the Honourable President of ECOWAS Court, Justice Ricardo Gonçalves, emphasized that Human Rights Day is rooted in the historic adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, reminding all nations that fundamental freedoms belong to every human being, regardless of identity or circumstance.
“December 10 is symbolic because more than 70 years ago, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was enacted. It was the first global expression of the rights that everyone should enjoy, regardless of where they were born, the circumstances of their birth, their gender, race or any other factor.
On this day, we reflect on our common humanity and the challenges we face to build a community where everyone can enjoy the rights granted by God and God’s Son without discrimination.”
The President stressed that human rights are not theoretical concepts but necessary conditions that allow individuals to live with dignity.
He noted that many West Africans still lack basic needs such as education, food, healthcare, and justice.
“Human rights are not abstract ideals, but a necessity for all individuals to live a free and meaningful existence. Across our community, many still struggle for access to the essentials of life adequate food, drinking water, education, healthcare, housing, a healthy environment, and access to justice. These shortfalls remind us why the defence of human rights remains urgent and relevant.”
Hon. Justice Gonçalves recalled that ECOWAS Heads of State adopted the 2005 Human Rights Protocol to ensure that individuals could seek justice before the regional court. Since then, the Court has significantly shaped rights protection in the region.
“It was with the aim of protecting the individual voice that the Authority of Heads of State and Government adopted the 2005 Human Rights Protocol, granting this Court the mandate to hear cases of human rights violations. Since then, the Court has delivered several decisions covering the right to life, freedom of expression, education, work, unionisation, and a healthy environment, thereby aligning national laws and policies with human rights obligations assumed freely by member states.”
The President expressed deep concern over the persistent failure of some member states to implement the Court’s judgments. He warned that this undermines the credibility of the Court and reduces human rights protection to mere symbolism.
“The Court is concerned that member states have not yet implemented most of its judgments. Without effective and sincere implementation, the promise of protection offered by the 2005 Protocol becomes a mirage. Rights must be real, not ideas on paper. Victims deserve genuine access to justice, and that requires states to apply our decisions fully so that reparations bring meaningful change to people’s lives.”
Hon. Justice Gonçalves highlighted the growing challenges in West Africa ranging from military coups to terrorism, shrinking civic spaces, weak judicial systems, and climate change,warning that these trends place millions at risk.
“Across our community, we witness military coups, attempted coups, the narrowing of civic space, terrorist insurgency, under-resourced national justice systems, and the increasing effects of climate change. These are serious threats. Member states have a duty to confront them and work with all stakeholders to ensure that everyone in our community can enjoy their human rights freely and without discrimination.”
The Court urged national governments, institutions, civil society, and the media to intensify cooperation with the ECOWAS Court to strengthen the regional human rights framework. He paid tribute to those who defend human dignity across West Africa.
“We appeal to all member states to renew their commitment to the ECOWAS legal framework, the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, and all international human rights instruments. National bodies, human rights commissions, and justice institutions must collaborate with the Court, while civil society, the media, and human rights defenders must be respected and protected. Today, we pay tribute to all who work tirelessly,often at great personal risk to uphold justice and the dignity of human life. Their dedication transforms the promises of international instruments into real human rights every day.”
Director of Research and Documentation, ECOWAS Court, Dr. Ousmane Diallo, noted that 2025 is the first time the Court has formally included this event in its official calendar of activities. He highlighted that this year’s commemoration serves as a reminder of 70 years of struggle in the fight for human rights.
“While much has been achieved, the journey is far from complete. Each of us must continue to work tirelessly to enforce these rights, recognizing that the fight for justice and dignity is a collective and ongoing responsibility.”
The General Statistics on cases and judgments implementation, as presented by Deputy Chief Registrar of the ECOWAS Court of Justice, Mr. Guye Sowe, provided an overview of the Court’s statistics, highlighting both progress and challenges in enforcing judgments across member states.
According to Sowe, a total of 775 cases have been filed before the Court, with 492 judgments delivered and 116 cases still pending. Of the delivered judgments, 192 are enforceable, reflecting the work remaining to ensure implementation.
“More than half of the cases filed before this court get dismissed,” the Deputy Chief Registrar said, noting that 54% of the 419 judgments involving AES countries were dismissed for procedural or substantive reasons.
Enforcement of court decisions remains uneven. Nigeria leads in pending enforcement, with 125 cases filed, 67 dismissed, 10 enforced, and 50 yet to be enforced. Other countries facing significant enforcement challenges include Togo with 58 judgments, 26 dismissed, 29 unenforced, 1 partially enforced, 1 amicably settled, and 1 withdrawn; Guinea with 25 judgments, 7 dismissed, and 18 unenforced; Liberia with 15 judgments, 10 dismissed, 4 unenforced, and 1 enforced; Sierra Leone with 18 judgments, 6 dismissed, 11 unenforced, and 1 enforced; Senegal with 35 judgments, 23 dismissed, 9 unenforced, and 3 enforced; Benin with 19 judgments, 13 dismissed, and 6 unenforced; Cape Verde with 3 judgments, 2 dismissed, and 1 unenforced; and the ECOWAS Commission with 36 judgments, 18 dismissed, 14 enforced, 3 unenforced, and 1 amicably settled.
Mr. Sowe stressed that the total number of unenforced judgments across member states now stands at 153, underscoring the need for stronger mechanisms to ensure compliance.
“These numbers reflect both the growing trust in the ECOWAS Court and the work that remains. Member states must ensure that judgments are fully implemented so that human rights protections become a living reality for all citizens.”
End
News
Kashim Shettima: Of Betrayal, Power, and Survival.
Kashim Shettima: Of Betrayal, Power, and Survival.
By: Inuwa Bwala.
“March has returned, and with it the Ides. Beware the men who call you brother.”
Julius Caesar was perhaps Rome’s most trusted general. He crossed the Rubicon for Rome, conquered Gaul for Rome, and pardoned enemies for Rome.
Yet it was neither Gaul nor Pompey: his avowed rivals, that killed him. It was Brutus: his friend, and confidant yet his protégé, who was described as “the noblest Roman of them all.”
Julius Caesar did not slump and died because the daggers were too many, rather, bacause he noticed the person he least expected could betray him amongst those stabbing him: Brutus. In utter shock and disbelief, Caesar slumped, but not before he uttered the word,”And you too Brutus?”.
There is no doubt that, Kashim Shettima was Borno’s most tested governor. He walked into boiling areas, when others fled the state. He rebuilt schools bombed by Boko Haram. He chose to stay in Maiduguri when Abuja offered comfort.
As Vice President, he has carried himself as a true statesman abs the face of the Tinubu administration at national and international meets.
He always speaks of “the sanctity of human life” and calked for swifter and total mobilisationagainst terror.
Yet today, whispers from Borno and Abuja suggest the daggers are not in the bush like that of Boko Haram, they are in the hands of his kinsmen, those he hold family meetings and political meetings with.
Those who could read between the line, may be able to tell, when Shettima gave an anecdote at a recent public function, about the visit by his kinsmen to his boss, Bola Ahmed Tinubu, just three months into the life of the administration.
Like Brutus and the conspirators of the Shakespearean fame, who claimed they did not hate Caesar, but loved Rome more, those who visited Tinubu claimed to love Nigeria more and her President, abd not brcause thry hated Shettima.
Brutus in particular played on a so-called republican pride and his fear of tyranny, which he used in convincing himself that betrayal was patriotism. He struck to “save” Rome.
Shettima’s own “Brutuses” use a different script, relying on Shetyima’s perceived ambition and the attendant battle to keep himself in the balance of power as an alibi.
And in the face of contending forces, they recruited people to plsy out the cards, while remaining in the shadows. The charges may appear different with that if Caesar, but the intents are same. And while still smarting from the Muslim-Muslim debacle, Shettima had hradly setyled in office when they began to spread rumours of him, being too Borno, not enough to be a northerner. Too ambitious, fetish, independent minded and growing too popular. One thing they could not take away from him though us the fact that Shettima is intelligent, shrewd and a master schemer, which his boss knows too well.
I had cause to warn of this years ago seeing Shettima’s passive refusal to pick between kinsmen in place of statesmen to work with him.
I could see through the plots to denigrate a fine emergent nationalist by linking him with Boko Haram, painting him as fetish, portraying him as a religious and ethinic checkbox, all in a bud to undo him. The weapon when he was govetnor was insurgency, but the weapon now is political naivity and stereotyping . The tactic includes convincing his Kanuri kinsmen to fight him, so that “when Kanuri fights Kanuri, others will win. But beyond that, even his Kanuri brothers seem to have an axe to grind with him.
The painful truth remains, that, Caesar’s killers were senators in the Capitol, but Shettima’s challengers may be his own kinsmen: some of whom, he nentored snd no one can ever convince him that, they could ever work against him. In both cases, the dagger is dipped in familiarity.
It cuts deeper because the hands holding it, are either those he mentored or once broke bread with him.
Caesar died because he ignored omens. Not even Calpurnia, his wife’s dream could deter him. He ignored the soothsayer, and shunned the Senate’s mood, thinking goodwill was a good sheild and armor.
Shettima’s March 2027 is loaded with omens too, arising from fresh attacks by vested interests, intrigues amongst political players, betrayal by kinsmen, espionage by aides and attachees, dissertion by hitherto close allies, manipulations in the media, ethnic or religious profiling, clandestine meetings that without communiqués, but with lethal intents, contending forces in the party who whisper that 2027 needs a “new pairing.” indeed, the ides are here, because a second term is near, and second terms birth daggers.
As governor, perhaps Shettima survived by moving rather faster than conspiracy. He outrun, those who want to either even scores or shake off his dominace, and those people have remained at daggers drawn with him
How Shettima Survives, will definitely be a refrence point in power struggles in Nigeria.
But unlike Caesar who never learnt, Shettima is a good student of Robert Greens 48 Laws of Power, and must have drawn lessons from the falls of others before him.
To survive, Shettima must learn to trust, but audit the Praetorians. Caesar trusted Brutus with his life. Shettima cannot afford blind trust. The INEC database compromise and probe shows how insider access kills. Shettima must do what he did as governor: forensic audits, no sacred cows. As I earlier said, he must have his own policy, which must not be changed simply because some people want to determine its content.
He must learnt to keep the people, his own trusted people, and must not loose, as Caesar lost Rome due to his belief in his personal prowess and capacity. Shettima still owns Borno’s streets and still conttols the larger and more lethal political forces in the North.
He should be able to name the Brutus, but should not become an Antony, whom at Caesar’s funeral sparked civil unrest. Shettima cannot afford chaos. He should have a machinery on ground that will expose the plot, without burning the Forum. He should expedite action in uniting the North, and rally the support of kinsmen, even as a counterforce, or risks allowing the real enemies to win.
Importantly, he should bear in mind, that, the parabolical March is not the end, the ides pass. For Caesar, it ended at Pompey’s statue, but for Shettima, March can end with a stronger alliance. He must do what he told the nation: “We choose light over shadow, and hope over despair”.
The Verdict of History, had
Brutus dying on his own sword, muttering, “Caesar, now be still.” Betrayal did not save the Republic, rather it buried it.
Shettima’s kinsmen face the same choice. They can strike and wait for the verdict of history, or they can sheathe the dagger and remember: the real enemy still sleeps someehere else.
Twelve years ago, I wrote that Shettima’s ides would test Borno. In 2026, I state without fear of contradiction, that, they will test Nigeria.
Caesar ignored the soothsayer because he was in so much hurry. Shettima, as always, may not be in a hurry, but should he decide to, that hurry may yet save him.
Kashim Shettima: Of Betrayal, Power, and Survival.
News
FACT CHECK: No School Attack, No Student Abduction in Kautikari — What Really Happened During the ISWAP Raid
FACT CHECK: No School Attack, No Student Abduction in Kautikari — What Really Happened During the ISWAP Raid
By Zagazola Makama
A wave of alarming reports circulating across social media and some online platforms has claimed that Boko Haram insurgents attacked a school and abducted students in Kautikari community of Chibok Local Government Area, Borno State.
The claims, predictably amplified by emotionally charged references to the 2014 Chibok schoolgirls’ abduction, have generated anxiety among Nigerians following developments in the troubled region.
However, a detailed fact-check by Zagazola Makama, based on assessment from field sources, and video evidence from the scene, has found the claims to be entirely FALSE.
According to sources, the incident occurred at about 7:30 p.m. on June 13 when ISWAP terrorists launched an attack on a hunters’ patrol base located within the premises of a disused primary school in Kautikari.
The facility being used by the hunters was not functioning as a school at the time of the attack, nor were students present at the location. Rather, local hunters had established a patrol outpost within the structure, using some of the classrooms as temporary accommodation and operational shelters while supporting troops of Operation HADIN KAI’s efforts in the area.
The terrorists specifically targeted the hunters’ base and not a school populated by students as widely claimed. Initial resistance by the hunters successfully repelled the first assault.
However, the terrorists later regrouped in larger numbers and launched a second attack, forcing the hunters to temporarily withdraw after running low on ammunition.
Military sources disclosed that reinforcement teams comprising troops of the 117 Task Force Battalion from Kwada, supported by a Quick Response Force, local hunters and vigilante personnel, rapidly mobilized to the scene and engaged the terrorists. The coordinated response eventually overwhelmed the attackers and forced them to retreat.
No Student Was Abducted
Contrary to viral claims, there is no evidence that any student was abducted during the attack. Operational reports from the scene recorded no missing students, no reports of schoolchildren being taken away, and no indication that the terrorists targeted an educational institution in session.
Security sources confirmed that accountability checks conducted after the attack found no cases of student abduction.
In fact, the only confirmed casualties were one civilian who was reportedly struck by a stray bullet fired by the terrorists and one member of the Civilian Joint Task Force (CJTF) who sustained a gunshot wound to the arm.
Sources said also that the terrorists set fire to clothing and personal belongings belonging to the hunters stationed at the outpost. No troops were killed or injured during the engagement.
Further undermining the false reports is video footage obtained by Zagazola Makama from the aftermath of the attack. In the footage, one of the affected hunters is seen showing the damaged facility and burnt belongings while lamenting the destruction caused by the terrorists.
The hunter can be heard explaining that the location served as their place of accommodation and operational base.
“This is where we sleep,” he says while pointing to the affected section of the building.
The footage clearly supports military accounts that the target was a hunters’ outpost and not an occupied school hosting students.
The confusion likely arose because the hunters’ base was situated within the premises of a primary school building.
Photographs and videos showing damaged classrooms were subsequently circulated online without context, leading some platforms to incorrectly conclude that a school had been attacked and students abducted.
The result was the rapid spread of misinformation that failed basic verification standards.
Given Chibok’s painful history, any report involving schools and abductions naturally attracts national and international attention. This makes accurate reporting even more important.
FACT CHECK: No School Attack, No Student Abduction in Kautikari — What Really Happened During the ISWAP Raid
News
Police Foil IED Attack, Destroy Explosive Device in Zamfara
Police Foil IED Attack, Destroy Explosive Device in Zamfara
By: Zagazola Makama
The Zamfara State Police Command says it has successfully foiled a planned attack after its Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) unit discovered and safely destroyed an Improvised Explosive Device (IED) in Tsafe Local Government Area of the state.
The Command said the operation was carried out on Friday at about 4:15 p.m. along the Kunchin Kalgo axis following credible intelligence received through community engagement efforts.

According to a statement issued by the Command, operatives of the Violence Crime Response Unit (VCRU), in collaboration with the EOD team, swiftly mobilised to the area after receiving information about a suspected explosive device planted by bandits.
Preliminary findings indicated that the device was strategically planted along the road with the intent of causing mass casualties among commuters and other road users.
The statement added that the timely response of the operatives led to the safe detection, evacuation and controlled destruction of the explosive device before it could cause any harm.
The Command commended the vigilance and cooperation of local residents, describing community support as critical to ongoing security operations in the state.
It further assured residents that efforts were ongoing to identify, arrest and prosecute those responsible for planting the device.
The police also disclosed that patrols had been intensified across vulnerable areas to prevent similar incidents and ensure the safety of road users.
The Commissioner of Police, A.M. Bello, reiterated the Command’s commitment to sustained operations against banditry and other violent crimes in Zamfara State.
Police Foil IED Attack, Destroy Explosive Device in Zamfara
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