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Harmonising Nigeria’s public service retirement age discrepancies

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Harmonising Nigeria’s public service retirement age discrepancies

By: Michael Mike

Mr David Adebayo and Ms. Ngozi Chinedu were two hardworking Nigerians with divergent career paths.

Adebayo, a senior administrative officer in the public sector, dedicated his life to the civil service.

By the age of 60 which coincided with his 35 years in service he retired, according to government regulations.

In contrast, Chinedu, a senior marketing executive at a multinational corporation, continued working until the age of 65, benefiting from the stability and perks of her private sector job.

Upon retirement, Adebayo encountered several challenges. His pension, often delayed and not adjusted to inflation, was insufficient for a comfortable post-retirement life.

Losing his employer-sponsored health insurance forced him to rely on the National Health Insurance Scheme, which barely covered his basic healthcare needs.

Not having enough leisure time during his service years, post-retirement financial strain and inadequate healthcare support took a toll on his well-being.

Chinedu’s experience was however markedly different. Working until 65 allowed her to amass a larger pension fund, ensuring financial security on her retirement.

Her private health insurance continued into her retirement years, providing comprehensive coverage.

The extended work period also meant that she enjoyed a better work-life balance and job satisfaction, marked by professional growth and substantial earnings.

In retirement, Adebayo and Chinedu’s lives further diverged.

Adebayo, without a solid post-retirement plan, struggled with social isolation and mental health issues.

Chinedu maintained her professional network and engaged in community activities, finding a sense of purpose and fulfillment.

This narrative reflects the impact of retirement age discrepancies in Nigeria.

It underscores the relentless call by stakeholders on the federal government to accede to the demand for the review and harmonization of the retirement age of all public servants across-the-board.

Many public analysts believe that harmonising Nigeria’s retirement age discrepancies by addressing the variations in retirement ages across all sectors in the country, is long overdue.

According to them, inconsistent policies that culminate in retirement age disparities in the workforce is discriminatory, counter-productive, and a morale killer.

The Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) has, for instance, persistently demanded that the retirement age and length of service in the entire public service be reviewed upward to 65 years of age and 40 years of service, respectively.

Reinforcing this standpoint, NLC President, Joe Ajaero, during the 2023 and 2024 May Day celebrations, reiterated that the organised labour was resolutely committed to its demand for the upward review and harmonization of public servants’ retirement age.

He said that increasing the years of service should be done uniformly across all sectors, instead of being selectively done in favor of just a few sectors of the public service in the country.

“Only a few establishments, including the core civil service, are now left out.

“We are, therefore, demanding that the age of retirement and length of service in the entire public service, including the core civil service, be reviewed upward to 65 years of age and 40 years of service,” Ajaero said.

Concurring with Ajaero, the Policy and Legal Advocacy Centre (PLAC), an NGO that is committed to strengthening democratic governance in Nigeria, also called for the immediate upward review of the retirement age of civil servants.

PLAC argued that this would facilitate an efficient pension administration process for the welfare of core civil servants, be they judicial officers like retired judges or public servants in any sector.

It was against this backdrop that former President Muhammadu Buhari on May 12, 2021, approved the upward review of the retirement age of health sector workers from 60 to 65, and catapulted that of consultants from 65 to 70.

The former President also signed a Law in 2022 increasing the retirement age for primary school teachers to 65, with no fewer than 15 state governments currently implementing it already.

On June 8, 2023, President Bola Tinubu signed a Constitution Alteration Act to amend Section 291 of the Constitution, to ensure uniformity in the retirement age and pension rights of judicial officers of superior courts.

This Act, the Fifth Alteration (No.37) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999, eliminates disparity in the retirement age of judicial officers by harmonising it at 70 years.

It also reduces the period of service required to determine a judicial officer’s pension from fifteen to ten years.

Also, the Nigerian Senate recently passed a Bill to increase the retirement age for civil servants working in the National Assembly to 65 years or 40 years of service.

The Bill, which was initiated by the Parliamentary Staff Association of Nigeria (PASAN), has set tongues wagging across socio-political and ethnic divides.

PASAN has argued that increasing the retirement age would help fill the vacuum caused by retiring experienced officers and better utilize their experience while building the capacity of younger employees.

According to Sunday Sabiyi, PASAN chairman, the Bill is expected to be signed into law by President Bola Tinubu soon, and when signed, national and state assembly workers will retire at the age of 65 years and 40 years of service, respectively.

Similarly, the Association of Senior Civil Servants of Nigeria (ASCSN) has been upbeat in its call for an upward review of the retirement age for employees in the core civil service.

Joshua Apebo, ASCSN Secretary-General, while reiterating the association’s position, urged the trade union movement to ensure uniformity in retirement age in the public service.

Apebo argued that since judicial officers, university lecturers, health workers, and primary school teachers now enjoy the new retirement age hike, and with that of the legislature in view, it was only fair that it also benefitted other core civil servants.

Dr Gboyega Daniel, a public affairs analyst, picked holes in the discrepancies in retirement age in Nigeria, and called for immediate policy reforms to harmonise the benchmarks.

Daniel said that these discrepancies create perceptions of inequality, favoritism, and strain the pension system, which affects service morale and productivity, culminating in imbalances and potential sustainability issues.

According to him, varied retirement ages complicate workforce planning and disrupt the systematic transfer of knowledge and experiences.

“The civil service mandates retirement at 60 years or after 35 years of service, while the academia sees professors and other academic staff retiring at 70 years.

“Judges and justices in the judiciary retire at ages ranging from 65 to 70, depending on their positions.

“Ditto for teachers, who have since had their retirement age jacked up by the Buhari administration,” he said.

He, therefore, suggested immediate legislative actions to amend existing laws and implement policy reforms that would establish unified retirement age across all sectors.

Dr Tunde Balogun, a UK-based Nigerian, said the current debate about reviewing the retirement age and length of service was not limited to Nigeria.

“Recently, the UK Government said it was considering raising the retirement age of public servants from the current 60 years to 68 years.

“At the moment, retirement at age 65 years is common in many EU member states. Many countries have already decided to raise the retirement age to 67 years,” he said.

Experts say that reviewing the core civil servants’ retirement age to 65 years and 40 years of service as well as harmonising the discrepancies across the board, is a policy that is long overdue.

Although some critics argue that the policy would be inimical to the career progression of their younger colleagues and affect fresh employments, its proponents say the benefits far outweigh its demerits.

According to them, achieving uniformity in retirement age policy can leverage experience and expertise, enhance fairness, efficiency, and sustainability in workforce management and pension systems.

They believe government should demonstrate sincerity of purpose and apply a holistic approach to the issue.

Harmonising Nigeria’s public service retirement age discrepancies

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Three chadian nationals feared dead as canoe capsizes in Gamboru-Ngala, Borno

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Three chadian nationals feared dead as canoe capsizes in Gamboru-Ngala, Borno

By: Zagazola Makama

Tragedy struck on Sunday evening in Gamboru-Ngala, Borno State, when a canoe carrying eight passengers capsized while crossing the river bordering Nigeria’s Gamboru town and Fotokol in Cameroon, leaving three persons feared dead.

Zagazola Makama gathered that the incident occurred at about 6:30 p.m. when the canoe, operated by one Mamman Nur Abbagana of Kasuwan Katako, Gamboru, overturned midstream with all passengers thrown into the water.

Security sources confirmed that all eight passengers were Chadian nationals travelling from Jos, Plateau State, en route to N’Djamena, Chad Republic.

Five passengers, whose identities were yet to be confirmed at press time, were rescued alive.

However, a woman identified as Alphosine Makebu Beboroum, 34, and her two daughters Centich Mamajibe, 3, and Mamajilem Bebaroum, 10 months, all Chadian nationals, drowned and had not yet been recovered as of Monday morning. The search and rescue mission is still ongoing.

Meanwhile, Police authorities also confirmed the arrest of the canoe paddler for violating the Borno State Government’s directive mandating the use of life jackets by all canoe and boat operators.

The command said preliminary investigations were ongoing.

Three chadian nationals feared dead as canoe capsizes in Gamboru-Ngala, Borno

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How Nigeria’s rapid military intervention in Benin reshaped West Africa’s anti-coup momentum

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How Nigeria’s rapid military intervention in Benin reshaped West Africa’s anti-coup momentum

By: Zagazola Makama

The failed coup attempt in Benin Republic is far more than an isolated disturbance in West Africa. It is a political earthquake whose tremors are being felt all the way from Cotonou to Bamako, Niamey and Ouagadougou.

For the military juntas entrenched in the Sahel, Sunday’s events were a nightmare scenario a decisive blow to their hope of expanding the “putschist club” across the region.

President Patrice Talon’s firm, composed address to the nation late Sunday night delivered the final stamp of legitimacy. But what many are now acknowledging is this: Nigeria’s swift and disciplined intervention was the game-changer.

In the early hours of the crisis, as coup plotters seized the National TV station and attempted to entrench themselves, the Government of the Republic of Benin activated its mutual defence channels with Abuja. Within minutes, Nigeria’s Chief of Defence Staff, General Olufemi Oluyede, acting under the directive of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, activated a rapid-response military operation.

The Nigerian Air Force fighter jets were ordered into Beninese airspace to dominate the skies, neutralise hostile positions, and support loyalist forces. Simultaneously, Nigerian ground forces mobilised and crossed into Benin under Benin-led coordination, providing reinforcement to secure key installations and restore constitutional order.

This single act of regional leadership changed the trajectory of the coup, shattered the momentum of the plotters, and halted what could have become a prolonged national crisis.
ECOWAS was already mobilising, but Nigeria’s decisive action set the tone and provided the operational backbone that ended the coup within hours. It was a clear demonstration that Abuja remains the stabilising anchor of West Africa politically, diplomatically, and militarily.

As Talon spoke last night, the fear in junta capitals was visible. Social media networks aligned with the juntas scrambled to spin the failure: “It’s not over yet!” “Talon is bluffing!” “Stay vigilant!”

But beneath the bravado was panic. Their long-held dream to expand military rule into coastal West Africa had collapsed and Nigeria’s intervention made that collapse irreversible.The night became a theatre of desperation, with fake democrats, pseudo-intellectuals and Pan-African opportunists trying to salvage their ideological embarrassment. They resorted to tired diversionary tactics, attacking ECOWAS, questioning its motives, and searching for excuses.

But the truth was undeniable: The coup failed because the region, led by Nigeria, refused to allow another country to fall. But expected, some Nigerians, often those who do not follow security operations, took to social media asking: “Why didn’t Nigeria use this same energy against terrorists and bandits?”

An absurd question. It is as if these people have never seen the daily reports of: Dozens of terrorists neutralised across Zamfara, Katsina, Kaduna and Borno, mass destruction of ISWAP and Boko Haram enclaves, bandit kingpins eliminated, thousands of kidnapped victims rescued, large quantities of weapons recovered, aerial bombardments carried out week after week

Nigeria has been fighting terrorists with unmatched intensity, To compare the two operations, one a cross-border rapid-intervention mission lasting hours, and the other a domestic counterterrorism war spanning over 15 years is intellectually dishonest. What happened in Benin was not “energy Nigeria never shows.” It was a different type of mission a rapid, high-precision, multinational constitutional defence operation and Nigeria executed it flawlessly.

The larger significance of the failed coup is now evident. It has: exposed the weakness of the Sahel juntas, halted their push to expand military authoritarianism southwards, sent a message that ECOWAS has finally adapted and will no longer tolerate illegal takeovers and reaffirmed Nigeria’s decisive role in shaping regional security outcomes.

The supporters of the juntas are terrified and they should be. Because Sunday marked the beginning of a new countdown. The ideological project of the Sahel military regimes is weakening, and their attempt to export instability has backfired spectacularly. The next months will be critical. The Sahelian juntas, already struggling with insecurity, economic collapse, and public frustration, now face an emboldened regional order.

Nigeria’s leadership, demonstrated so clearly in Benin, has restored confidence that democratic stability in West Africa can and will be defended.

The failed coup in Benin did not only preserve a nation’s democracy. It reset the balance of power in the region. And Nigeria stood at the centre of that pivotal moment.

The clock is ticking for the putschist regimes.
History has resumed its rightful course.

Zagazola Makama is a Counter Insurgency Expert and Security Analyst in the Lake Chad Region

How Nigeria’s rapid military intervention in Benin reshaped West Africa’s anti-coup momentum

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“Road Home is Open”: Zulum Brings Hope to 12 000 Nigerian Refugees in Cameroon

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“Road Home is Open”: Zulum Brings Hope to 12 000 Nigerian Refugees in Cameroon

By: Our Reporter

Borno State Governor, Professor Babagana Umara Zulum, has reaffirmed his administration’s commitment to restoring the dignity of victims of insurgency, including Nigerian refugees in the neighbouring countries of Cameroon, Chad, and Niger.

Governor Zulum gave this assurance while addressing refugees at the Minawao camp in Cameroon’s Far North region, as part of government efforts to repatriate those who remain. Over 12, 000 Nigerian refugees from Kirawa, Ngoshe, Ashigashiya and surrounding communities in Gwoza Local Government Area have been living in the camp for more than a decade.

The governor’s visit provided a significant relief and renewed optimism as he interacted with the refugees. For many, his presence signalled that the long road home was finally opening, describing the moment as their “first real assurance”.

Governor Zulum informed the refugees that adequate security arrangements have been put in place in their home communities, following years of expanded military operations and civilian security initiatives across Gwoza and other parts of Borno.

“The welfare of refugees, internally displaced persons, and returnees remains a priority for us,” Zulum said, noting that rebuilding the lives of insurgency survivors is a core pillar of his administration’s humanitarian and development agenda.

The governor also announced cash support for shelter rehabilitation for those willing to return, a measure designed to help returnees begin reconstructing their homes. In addition, he pledged to drill boreholes for the refugees.

“Borno State in partnership with the federal government will provide a cash assistance of N500 000 to each refugee that is willing to return home, while women households will be given N100,000 each,” Zulum announced.

The governor of the Far North Region, Cameroon, Mijinyawa Bakari, praised Governor Zulum’s unwavering commitment, describing his continued support for displaced Nigerians in Cameroon as exemplary and deeply humanitarian.

“Borno State Governor has consistently demonstrated genuine concern and responsibility for his people, even beyond Nigeria’s borders,” Bakari stated.

He acknowledged the sustained humanitarian assistance, particularly the governor’s long-standing interventions in the Minawao Refugee Camp.

“Zulum’s physical presence and hands-on support has not only provided relief to the refugees but has also strengthened cooperation between Nigeria and Cameroon in addressing displacement and regional stability,” he added.

During his visit, Governor Zulum also toured farmlands allocated to the refugees by the Cameroonian government, which have become their primary source of livelihood.

While assessing the fields, he commended the refugees’ resilience and the host authorities’ generosity. He assured farmers that his administration would support their agricultural activities by providing irrigation kits and water sources to boost productivity.

“Empowering refugees to maintain their livelihoods is central to restoring dignity and ensuring a smooth transition back into their communities,” Zulum stressed.

The governor was accompanied by the senator representing Borno South, Senator Mohammed Ali Ndume; the member of the House of Assembly representing Gwoza, Hon. Abdullahi Buba Abatcha; commissioners, the Chairman of Gwoza Local Government, and other officials.

“Road Home is Open”: Zulum Brings Hope to 12 000 Nigerian Refugees in Cameroon

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