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Nigeria: 10 Years after Chibok, Schoolchildren Still at Risk – HRW

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Nigeria: 10 Years after Chibok, Schoolchildren Still at Risk – HRW

…Urges Government To Implement Safe Schools Plan to Protect Schools, Children

By: Our Reporter

Ten years after the abduction of over 200 schoolgirls in Chibok, Nigerian authorities have failed to put in place and sustain crucial measures to provide a secure learning environment for every child, Human Rights Watch said today.

Since 2014, according to Save the Children, more than 1,600 children have been abducted or kidnapped across northern Nigeria. In the northeast, the armed conflict between Boko Haram and Nigerian armed forces continues to take its toll and, in the northwest, criminal groups commonly called bandits are terrorizing communities. During February and March 2024 alone, bandits kidnapped over 200 children from their schools in Kaduna and Sokoto states.

“For many children across northern Nigeria, the pursuit of an education means facing the constant threat of abduction or kidnapping,” said Anietie Ewang, Nigeria researcher at Human Rights Watch. “Children should never face the harrowing dilemma of sacrificing their safety for education, but this untenable choice, which echoes the profound insecurity plaguing the country, is thrust upon them daily.”

On April 14, 2014, Boko Haram, an Islamist armed group, abducted 276 girls from their school in Chibok, a town in northeastern Borno state, sparking global outrage. Although some of the girls escaped, or were released or rescued, 96 remain in captivity according to UNICEF, and civil society groups continue to pressure the government to ensure they are rescued. Boko Haram, known for its opposition to education, has carried out other such abductions, including one of 110 girls from a school in Dapchi, a town in Yobe state, in 2018.

In addition to kidnappings by Boko Haram in the northeast, the ongoing banditry crisis in the northwest has in recent years made that area a hub for criminal kidnapping for ransom. The crisis emerged after years of conflict between herders and farmers, giving rise to the criminal groups, which have carried out widespread killings, looting, extortion, and kidnapping for ransom in mostly rural communities.

Between December 2020 and February 2021, a series of high-profile incidents, including the abduction of over 600 schoolchildren across Zamfara, Katsina, and Niger states, thrust the kidnapping issue into the spotlight.

In the aftermath of Chibok, the Nigerian government endorsed the Safe Schools Declaration, an international political commitment to protect education from attack and schools from military use which turns them into targets. The government also adopted a Safe School Initiative for Nigeria with the support of the global community and Nigerian business leaders. The initiative aimed to raise funds with an initial US$10 million pledge to help make schools safer, including by moving them to safer areas and creating a safe school model for schools across Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe, the three states worst hit by the Boko Haram insurgency.

However, the multi-stakeholder initiative faced problems, and there has been a decline in momentum over the years with little or no progress made in fortifying schools, Human Rights Watch said. In 2021, Nigeria’s then-Senate president Ahmad Lawan, following an investigation into the utilization of the funds for the initiative, declared that it was designed to fail without a National Policy and Strategy for the Safe School Initiative and the leadership of the Federal Education Ministry. In the meantime, communities continue to suffer the brunt of bandit attacks and schoolchildren remain vulnerable prey.

A Chibok girl who was in Boko Haram captivity for over two years, and was released with 20 others, told Human Rights Watch that news of school kidnappings brings back memories of her ordeal. “Whenever I hear that more children have been kidnapped, I feel terrible, helpless,” she said. “We are still not safe … It brings back memories of what happened to me. I can never forget being snatched from my parents, my family for so long. I pray this is not the case for those that are kidnapped.” She is now a 28-year-old university student studying natural and environmental sciences.

Kemi Okenyodo, an expert in security and governance and the executive director of the Rule of Law and Empowerment Initiative in Abuja, told Human Rights Watch that the ongoing school kidnappings, resembling those in Chibok a decade ago, highlight a failure to learn from past experiences, as they are taking place without adequate security infrastructure or intervention from authorities to prevent dozens or hundreds of children being snatched away at once.

Amid the heightened threat of attacks on schools, many have been forced to shut down completely, with more than 20 million children out of school in Nigeria, according to UNESCO, among the highest number in any country in the world. According to UNICEF, 66 percent of out-of-school children in Nigeria are from the northeast and northwest, which are among the poorest regions in the country.

For girls especially, the challenges are double edged. They risk rape and other forms of sexual violence if kidnapped, and if kept out of school, they risk child marriage, which is a common practice in these regions.

In 2021, the government adopted the National Policy on Safety, Security and Violence Free Schools aimed at improving school security, strengthening the capabilities of security agents to respond to threats, and ensuring that education continues for children displaced by conflict and crisis, among other reasons.

The authorities committed to investing 144.8 billion naira (about $314.5 million at the time) over a certain period to finance this initiative. In 2023, they announced that 15 billion naira (about $24 million at the time) had been earmarked to pilot the initiative in 18 high-risk states and 48 schools. However, details of the implementation are sparse, and it remains unclear the extent to which this has been done.

Okenyodo told Human Rights Watch that the government needs to involve communities in designing and implementing initiatives to make schools safer to create a sense of ownership and reduce inefficiency and corruption.

“Now more than ever, the Nigerian authorities should step up efforts to make learning safe for children,” Ewang said. “They should work with communities to adopt rights-respecting measures and put in place adequate financing, systems, and structures to ensure quick, effective, and transparent implementation to ensure that children can learn without being exposed to grave harm.”

Nigeria: 10 Years after Chibok, Schoolchildren Still at Risk – HRW

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ISWAP scamper in disarray as NAF, ground troops repel attack on Banki in Bama LGA

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ISWAP scamper in disarray as NAF, ground troops repel attack on Banki in Bama LGA

By: Zagazola Makama

Fighters of the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) reportedly fled in disarray on Friday after troops of Operation Hadin Kai, supported by the Nigerian Air Force (NAF), successfully repelled an attempted attack on a military base in Banki, Bama Local Government Area of Borno.

Security sources told Zagazola Makama that the insurgents launched the attack in the early hours of Friday, advancing in large numbers in an attempt to overrun the military formation.

The sources said the troops immediately engaged the terrorists in a fierce gun battle, effectively resisting the assault and preventing the insurgents from breaching the base.

According to the sources, while the exchange of fire was ongoing, the Nigerian Air Force scrambled an aircraft to provide aerial support to the ground troops.

“On sighting the approaching aircraft, the terrorists took to their heels and were seen scampering in disarray into nearby bushes to escape the superior firepower of the troops and the air component,” one of the sources said.

The sources added that the attempted attack was successfully foiled, forcing the insurgents to abandon the operation.

There were no immediate reports of casualties as security forces have commenced assessment and clearance operations in the area.

Banki, a border town near Cameroon in Bama LGA, remains one of the key frontline locations in the ongoing counter-insurgency campaign in Borno.

ISWAP scamper in disarray as NAF, ground troops repel attack on Banki in Bama LGA

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Freight forwarders protest arbitrary shipping charges at Apapa ports

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Freight forwarders protest arbitrary shipping charges at Apapa ports

By: Zagazola Makama

The National Association of Government Approved Freight Forwarders (NAGAFF) has raised concerns over what it described as arbitrary and unilateral increases in shipping charges by some shipping companies at the Apapa ports in Lagos.

The grievances were contained in a letter addressed to the Executive Secretary of the Nigerian Shippers Council, Park Lane, Apapa, and copied to the Commissioner of Police, Ports Authority Police (Western Command), Apapa.

The letter, titled “Administrative Overreach: The Non-Consensual and Arbitrary Increase of Shipping Charges in Breach of Established Procedure and Protocol,” was received at about 2:30 p.m. on March 12.

Following the complaint, the Commissioner of Police, Ports Authority Police Western Command, Apapa, convened a meeting with the leadership of NAGAFF to discuss the issue.

Those in attendance included Mr Bert Okeke, Secretary and representative of the NAGAFF Chairman, Alhaji Ibrahim Tanko; Mr Uche Nwabude, Operational Head; and Chief Raf Nwoye, Technical Director at the association’s headquarters, alongside eight other members.

During the meeting, the NAGAFF leaders expressed dissatisfaction over the alleged immediate and unilateral upward review of shipping charges by some companies without prior notification to freight forwarders and other service users.

They described the development as a breach of established procedures guiding port operations and trade facilitation.

In her response, the Commissioner of Police, Ports Authority Police Western Command, commended the association for following due process by engaging relevant stakeholders and bringing the matter to the attention of authorities.

She urged the union leaders to remain law-abiding and advised them to notify the police and obtain approval before embarking on any picketing or protest actions.

The police chief also encouraged the association to suspend any planned industrial action pending efforts by the Nigerian Shippers Council to mediate and resolve the dispute.

She further called for sustained synergy, collaboration and consolidation between the police and stakeholders in the maritime sector to ensure smooth trade facilitation at the ports.

The meeting ended at about 3:25 p.m.

Freight forwarders protest arbitrary shipping charges at Apapa ports

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“When two elephants fight, it is the grass that suffers”- The Case of Iran Israel United States Conflict

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“When two elephants fight, it is the grass that suffers”- The Case of Iran Israel United States Conflict

By: Michael Mike

From the ancient Persian world to the Swahili coast of Africa, the story of Iran is not merely political—it is civilizational. The current conflict therefore raises questions not only about power, but about history, justice and humanity itself.

In Africa, a well-known proverb captures a timeless truth: “When two elephants fight, it is the grass that suffers.” Across the wider African continent, this saying reminds us that when powerful actors collide, it is ordinary people—families, children and communities—who bear the greatest cost.

Today, as tensions escalate across West Asia and military strikes attributed to the United States and Israel target the Islamic Republic of Iran, the world is witnessing a confrontation that extends far beyond the calculations of geopolitics.

To strike Iran is not merely to confront a modern state. It is to challenge one of the oldest living civilizations on Earth—a civilization whose cultural, intellectual and spiritual influence has shaped vast regions of the world for more than three thousand years.

A Civilization Older Than the Modern World

Long before the modern geopolitical map of the Middle East existed, the Iranian plateau had already produced organized states, complex administrative systems and vibrant intellectual traditions.

From the Achaemenid Empire of Cyrus the Great to the flourishing cultural centers of Shiraz and Isfahan, Persian civilization helped shape literature, science, philosophy and political thought across the Mediterranean world, Central Asia and the Indian Ocean basin.

Unlike many later imperial powers whose expansion relied on colonization, resource extraction and the brutal transatlantic slave trade, Persia’s historical influence travelled largely through knowledge, trade and cultural exchange.

This legacy of interaction links Iran not only to Asia but also to Africa.

The Persian Handshake with Africa

Centuries before European colonial powers partitioned the African continent, Persian merchants were already sailing the monsoon winds of the Indian Ocean toward the Swahili coast.

They arrived not as conquerors but as traders, scholars and cultural intermediaries.

From present-day Somalia to Mozambique, Persian traders established networks of commerce and intellectual exchange with the Swahili city-states. Maritime knowledge, architecture, poetry and urban culture travelled across these routes alongside textiles and spices.

The interaction was never one-sided. African societies reshaped and integrated these influences into their own traditions, creating a distinctive Afro-Asian cultural synthesis that still characterizes the region today.

Even the Kiswahili language, rooted in Bantu linguistic traditions, reflects centuries of interaction with Persian and other Indian Ocean cultures.

In this sense, the story of Iran is not distant from Africa—it is intertwined with it.

The Islamic Revolution and the Ethics of Defending the Oppressed

In 1979, Iran once again became the stage for a unique historical transformation.

The Islamic Revolution did not attempt to erase Iran’s ancient past. Instead, it sought to frame a deeply rooted civilization within a moral vision centered on justice, independence and the defense of the oppressed.

Imam Ruhollah Khomeini, the founder of the Islamic Republic, articulated a political philosophy that placed the protection of the Mustazafin—the oppressed and marginalized—at the heart of the revolution’s mission.

One of the most enduring expressions of this principle was his declaration of the last Friday of Ramadan as International Quds Day, inviting people around the world to remember the plight of the Palestinian people.

This ethical perspective continued under the leadership of Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Khamenei, who consistently framed the Palestinian question not merely as a geopolitical dispute but as a matter of moral responsibility and global justice.

For many observers, this unwavering support for Palestinian rights remains one of the central sources of tension between Iran and its adversaries.

Jerusalem: A Sacred City for Humanity

From the perspective of religious scholarship, Jerusalem—known in Arabic as Al-Quds—occupies a unique place in the spiritual geography of humanity.

It is sacred not only to Muslims but also to Christians and Jews.

Within its ancient walls stand some of the most revered sites of the Abrahamic traditions: Al-Aqsa Mosque, the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, and the Western Wall.

For scholars of comparative religion, Jerusalem represents not an exclusive possession but a shared spiritual heritage.

The respected Christian leader Archbishop Desmond Tutu once captured this moral principle in words that resonate across faith traditions:

“If you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor.”

The Human Question of Self-Defense

Against this historical and moral background, the present conflict raises difficult questions.

Reports from the early days of the war describe devastating strikes, including the bombing of an elementary school in which 168 children between the ages of eight and twelve reportedly lost their lives.

Such tragedies challenge the conscience of the international community.

Under what interpretation of international law can the killing of children be justified?
Under which definition of human rights can such actions be normalized?

History already offers troubling precedents. In Gaza, years of conflict have resulted in the deaths of tens of thousands of civilians.

Yet beyond statistics lies a simple human question.

If the Pope were assassinated in the Vatican, or if your own home were attacked and your father killed before your eyes, would any society remain silent?

Nations, like families, possess a natural instinct for self-defense. When confronted with aggression, the desire to resist is not extremism—it is dignity.

Strategic Consequences beyond Iran

The implications of this confrontation are unlikely to remain confined within Iran’s borders. History repeatedly shows that conflicts ignited in one part of the Middle East rarely remain geographically contained.

Military escalation against a major regional power such as Iran risks widening an already fragile landscape of instability across West Asia.

When the sovereignty of states can be openly violated and civilian infrastructure becomes a battlefield, the consequences rarely stop at a single frontier. They ripple outward—affecting regional security, global diplomacy and the fragile hopes of societies already burdened by decades of conflict.

Africa’s Moral Memory

For Africa, these questions are not abstract. The continent carries its own deep memory of colonial domination, resistance and the struggle for dignity.

The late South African leader Nelson Mandela expressed this moral connection clearly:

“We know too well that our freedom is incomplete without the freedom of the Palestinians.”

Mandela’s words remind us that justice is indivisible.

From Johannesburg to Nairobi, from Tehran to Jerusalem, the principle remains the same: when a people stand against oppression, they defend not only territory but human dignity.

Cultural Expert
Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Abuja, Nigeria

“When two elephants fight, it is the grass that suffers”- The Case of Iran Israel United States Conflict

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