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Tuareg Rebels and JNIM: A New Strategic Alliance in Mali?
Tuareg Rebels and JNIM: A New Strategic Alliance in Mali?
By: Zagazola Makama
Mali stands at a critical turning point as fresh negotiations between the Tuareg rebels of northern Mali and the al-Qaeda-affiliated Jama’at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (JNIM) gain momentum. According to sources close to both groups, these talks represent a significant shift in strategy that could fundamentally reshape the security and political landscape of the Sahel.
For the Tuareg rebels, these negotiations are a response to Mali’s recent national consultations, which called for dialogue with jihadist groups but excluded northern armed factions from the process. Additionally, Tuareg leaders argue that grassroots communities who have been caught in the crossfire of the ongoing conflict are pushing for a settlement to avoid further bloodshed.
On the other hand, the rebels say they are keen to avoid the mistakes of 2012, when the Tuareg-led National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) initially seized control of northern Mali, only to be overpowered by jihadist forces, leading to a rapid escalation of violence and the subsequent 2013 French military intervention.
A Shift in JNIM’s Strategy
A key factor encouraging the Tuareg rebels to engage in talks is the shifting approach of JNIM itself. Over the years, the group has evolved in its tactics, messaging, and governance strategy. Unlike the extremist brutality displayed in 2012, JNIM has refined its policies, making it a more pragmatic and structured insurgency.
According to sources close to the Tuareg rebels, JNIM’s leadership began reassessing its position following the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan. The Taliban’s ability to consolidate power while maintaining Afghanistan’s territorial integrity served as a model. Additionally, recent jihadist dynamics in Syria further influenced JNIM’s approach, leading to a reconsideration of its long-term objectives in Mali.
Statements from key JNIM figures, including Amadou Koufa, leader of Katiba Macina, and Jafar Dicko, head of JNIM operations in Burkina Faso, indicate a growing willingness to compromise. Their recent declarations have emphasized political and governance issues rather than outright military conquest.
Most notably, a recent JNIM communiqué framed the military juntas in the region as obstacles to regional stability. The statement called for international intervention against these governments, signaling that JNIM sees an opportunity to reposition itself as a legitimate actor rather than a purely insurgent force.
This convergence of interests between Tuareg rebels and JNIM has laid the groundwork for negotiations, with both sides willing to soften their positions for mutual benefit.
Key Points of Negotiation
JNIM sources have confirmed that discussions are ongoing, with a primary focus on governance and the role of Sharia law. Historically, one of the main points of contention between the two factions has been JNIM’s strict interpretation of Islamic law, which led to the breakdown of their alliance in 2012.
However, the current negotiations propose a new governance model in which Sharia law would be implemented at the local level, but administered by community-based religious authorities rather than JNIM operatives. This compromise, according to sources, has been accepted by JNIM’s leadership.
Another major shift is JNIM’s perspective on Mali’s territorial integrity. Rather than supporting the Tuareg rebels’ long-standing push for an independent Azawad, JNIM has reportedly argued that regional and international actors would be more likely to tolerate an Islamic governance structure within a unified Mali rather than outright secession.
JNIM’s ability to convince Tuareg leaders to focus on governing northern Mali rather than seeking full independence represents a major ideological shift. The jihadist group is prepared to support Tuareg fighters in taking control of key territories, but with the understanding that these areas would be governed under an Islamic framework rather than an independent Tuareg state.
A New Governance Model for Northern Mali?
Sources close to JNIM say that if the alliance moves forward, the group is ready to coordinate and administer territories alongside Tuareg rebels. However, lessons from the 2012 conflict have prompted a change in strategy.
Rather than raising the black flag of al-Qaeda over captured cities a move that led to international military intervention in the past—JNIM plans to allow Tuareg governance structures to manage administrative affairs. This means that while JNIM would retain influence, it would avoid direct control over urban areas, instead allowing local Tuareg leadership to take the forefront.
Such a strategy could serve multiple purposes: Reducing the risk of foreign military intervention by keeping governance in the hands of local Tuareg leaders, JNIM would present a less overt threat to international powers. Legitimizing its role in Mali’s political landscape rather than being seen purely as an extremist group, JNIM could position itself as a political and security partner in the region. Avoiding the mistakes of 2012 The rapid downfall of the Tuareg rebellion in 2012 was largely due to its inability to maintain control. By working together with the rebels rather than sidelining them, JNIM aims to ensure a more sustainable presence.
The Question of Al-Qaeda Affiliation
One of the most sensitive aspects of the negotiations revolves around JNIM’s relationship with al-Qaeda’s central command. According to sources, there is ongoing internal debate about whether the group should formally distance itself from al-Qaeda.
For JNIM leaders, the question is not just ideological but also strategic. Some within the group believe that dissociating from al-Qaeda could open doors to direct negotiations with Western governments. Others argue that such a move would require religious justification, possibly linked to a major political development such as the formal independence of Azawad or the collapse of the Malian government in Bamako.
Interestingly, sources indicate that JNIM is more willing to negotiate its future with Western powers directly rather than through Tuareg intermediaries. The concern within JNIM is that Tuareg leaders could use any potential al-Qaeda split as leverage in their own diplomatic engagements with France and other international actors.
Conclusion: A Game-Changer for Mali?
If these negotiations result in a formal agreement, the implications for Mali and the wider Sahel could be profound. A coordinated Tuareg-JNIM alliance would not only reshape local power dynamics but could also alter the trajectory of jihadist movements across West Africa.
The shift in JNIM’s strategy from ideological extremism to pragmatic governance signals a broader recalibration of jihadist operations in the region. Whether this shift leads to long-term stability or another round of conflict remains to be seen.
What is clear, however, is that Mali’s security landscape is on the brink of another transformation one that could redefine the balance of power in the Sahel for years to come.
Zagazola Makama is a Counter Insurgency Expert and Security Analyst in the Lake Chad Region
Tuareg Rebels and JNIM: A New Strategic Alliance in Mali?
News
Arraignment, Bail Of Ogwashi-Uku Defendants, Patrick Osamor, Augustine Ashi Marks New Phase In Criminal Probe
Arraignment, Bail Of Ogwashi-Uku Defendants, Patrick Osamor, Augustine Ashi Marks New Phase In Criminal Probe
The security situation in Ogwashi-Uku Kingdom took another major step today, 11 December 2025, as Patrick Izu Osammor and Augustine Nwafor Ashi were formally arraigned before the Federal High Court, Abuja in Charge No. FHC/ABJ/CR/594/2025.
The duo, previously held at Keffi Prison, face allegations connected to a coordinated plot to destabilise the kingdom.
Dramatic Bail Hearing
The court granted the defendants bail after a forceful plea by their lawyer, Barrister Steve Emelieze, who made the unusual offer to deposit his Call-to-Bar certificate to assure the court that the defendants would not abscond. Other sureties—including the ODA Abuja President, Diokpa Patrick Obi—also undertook to guarantee their attendance throughout the trial.
Despite the court’s approval, the defendants failed to perfect the bail terms and were consequently remanded to Kuje Correctional Centre. Our reporter witnessed correctional officers escorting them back into custody. Their trial is scheduled to begin on 11 March 2025.
The judge warned the defendants to maintain strict good behaviour and avoid any acts that may breach the peace or interfere with ongoing investigations, noting that any misconduct could lead to an immediate revocation of bail.
Background to the Case
Osammor and Ashi were arrested in October 2025 following months of intelligence-gathering directed by the Inspector General of Police.
Investigators allege that they played central roles in a campaign of misinformation, incitement, and mobilisation of factions aimed at destabilising Ogwashi-Uku Kingdom.
Both men, along with others still at large, are longstanding supporters of the Umu Obi Dieyi faction, which lost its challenge to the Ogwashi-Uku throne at the High Court, Court of Appeal, and finally the Supreme Court.
In court today were Barr. Victor Nobei and Barr. Francis Okolie, lawyers known to represent the faction. Barr. Okolie is himself facing terrorism charges at the Federal High Court in Asaba for allegedly participating in the violent attack on the Obi in October 2023.
Investigation Expands
Police sources confirm that the investigation has now broadened to include fresh threats against His Royal Majesty, Obi (Dr.) Ifechukwude Aninshi Okonjo II, and possible links between the defendants and individuals already on trial for the 2023 palace attack. Investigators believe the current activities may be a continuation of that earlier plot.
Attempts by some suspects to block their arrest through Fundamental Rights applications have been dismissed by senior police lawyers as legally baseless, noting that courts cannot restrain the police from investigating crime.
Police Vow to Pursue All Leads
A senior officer told our reporter: “The police will follow every lead. Anyone found liable in the attempt to plunge Ogwashi-Uku into crisis will be brought to justice. No one is above the law.”
As the kingdom awaits the commencement of trial in March 2025, many residents hope that this case will finally expose the full network behind the unrest and help restore lasting peace.
Arraignment, Bail Of Ogwashi-Uku Defendants, Patrick Osamor, Augustine Ashi Marks New Phase In Criminal Probe
Yobe: MBICA to commence full operation
By: Yahaya Wakili
The Muhammadu Buhari International Cargo Airport (MBICA), Damaturu, Yobe State, will soon commence full commercial operations.
This was contained in a signed service level agreement with the Nigerian Airspace Management Agency (NAMA), Managing Director Mr. Farouq Ahmed Umar, and the Yobe State Government.
At the signing of the agreement, the Yobe State government was represented by the Honourable Commissioner for Transport and Energy, Hon. Muhammad Muhammad Bara, and the Permanent Secretary, Dr. Mustapha Abba Geidam FCVSN.
Under the agreement, NAMA will provide critical services to ensure safe, efficient, and compliant aerodrome operations at the Cargo Airport, including Air Traffic Control (ATC) Services and managing aircraft movements within the airport airspace.
In the agreement, others include communication services provision and maintenance of aeronautical communication systems, navigation and surveillance systems, instrument landing systems radar coverage, and flight path monitoring.
Therefore, this brings Muhammadu Buhari International Cargo Airport (MBICA) to the verge of full compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) operational and safety standards.
Aeronautical Information Services (AIS) ensures pilots and airlines receive up-to-date flight and operational information, and search and rescue coordination support within national airspace regulations would also be provided under the agreement.
Yobe: MBICA to commence full operation
Guterres Calls for Recommitment to Protection of Fundamental Freedoms
By: Michael Mike
United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres has urged the international community to recommit to the protection of fundamental freedoms, warning that human rights are increasingly under threat worldwide.
Guterres made the call in his annual message to mark Human Rights Day, commemorated globally.
Guterres, whose message was read by the United Nations Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in Nigeria, Mr. Mohamed Fall, at the celebration of 30th Anniversary celebration of National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), reflected on the legacy of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted nearly 80 years ago, describing it as a “philosophical and political breakthrough” that remains the foundation of modern international cooperation.
The declaration, he noted, laid out the basic civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights required for every person to “survive and thrive.”
He however cautioned that the world is experiencing a disturbing erosion of these rights. “Recent years have brought a shrinking of civic space,” he said. “We have grave violations that signal a flagrant disregard for rights, and a callous indifference to human suffering.”
He noted that despite these setbacks, change is possible when governments, institutions and citizens work together.
He highlighted the role of the United Nations in supporting vulnerable populations through activities such as food assistance, shelter provision, education support, election monitoring, environmental protection, women’s empowerment and peacebuilding.
“This work depends on all people, everywhere, taking a stand,” he emphasised. “When we protect the most vulnerable, when we refuse to look away, when we speak up for the institutions that speak up for us, we keep human rights alive.”
He underscored that human rights must never be sacrificed for political gain or economic interests. “Our rights should never take second place to profit or power,” Guterres said. “Let us unite to protect them, for the dignity and freedom of all.”
He noted that Human Rights Day 2025 continues the global call for renewed commitment to justice, equality and universal freedoms at a time of rising conflict, displacement and social inequality.
On his part, the Executive Secretary of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), Dr. Tony Ojukwu restated the Commission’s commitment to advancing freedom, equality and justice in Nigeria.
Ojukwu who led the commission on symbolic “Walk for Human Rights” in Abuja, said a lot needs to be done to safeguard human rights.
NHRC, which also used the day to commemorate the 2025 International Human Rights Day, welcomed stakeholders, partners and human rights defenders to the celebration,
Ojukwu described the event as a moment of gratitude and reflection, noting that the Commission has, since its establishment in 1995, remained a beacon for the protection and enforcement of human rights across the country.
He said: “This year’s Human Rights Day is special,” he said. “It marks three decades of dedicated service to humanity by Nigeria’s National Human Rights Institution. It is also an opportunity to honour exceptional partners whose support has strengthened our work over the years.”
Ojukwu emphasised that the anniversary represents both a journey and a reaffirmation: a journey that began with the vision of entrenching freedom, equality and justice, and a reaffirmation of the Commission’s resolve despite persistent challenges including insecurity and socio-economic pressures.
He noted that the annual walk was not a protest but a demonstration of unity and determination. “We walk not in anger, but with purpose—to defend human rights. Not as spectators, but as active participants in building a Nigeria where every voice counts and no one is left behind,” he said.
The Executive Secretary stressed that human rights can only thrive in societies that embrace harmony, mutual respect and peaceful coexistence. He added that the awards presented during the ceremony were a tribute to organisations and individuals whose courage and consistency have helped strengthen the Commission’s mandate.
Reaffirming the NHRC’s statutory duty, Ojukwu noted that protecting and promoting human rights cannot be the responsibility of the Commission alone. He called for collaboration across ministries, government agencies, the private sector and communities.
He appealed that: “Together, let us build a nation where human rights are not distant ambitions but everyday realities,” he urged. “Our collective effort remains the driver of progress.”
Guterres Calls for Recommitment to Protection of Fundamental Freedoms
Arraignment, Bail Of Ogwashi-Uku Defendants, Patrick Osamor, Augustine Ashi Marks New Phase In Criminal Probe
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Yobe: MBICA to commence full operation
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